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A Study on the Use of Tourism as a Soft Power Instrument in International Relations

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  • Bahadır İnanç Özkan

    (Ankara, Turkey)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the political crisis between the Russian Federation and Turkey in 2015 on the tourism sector in the latter. The political crisis was sparked by shooting down of a Russian military aircraft by the Turkish warplanes on the Turkish – Syrian border in November 2015. During that period, the Russian Federation implemented a number of decisions, one of which was a travel ban to Turkey, and this negatively impacted the Turkish tourism sector, particularly in Antalya. The research involved obtaining information on how tourism was used as a soft power instrument by the Russian Federation as a deterrent. A qualitative method was used, as well as phenomenology. The data were collected through a semi-structured survey that included five themes about which the selected tourism partners in Turkey were interviewed. For the research, with its subcategories of tourists and tour operators, tourism is regarded as a soft power instrument. The findings show that political crises have negative reflections on the tourism sector. This paper may assist researchers who interested in studying tourism within international relations.

Suggested Citation

  • Bahadır İnanç Özkan, 0. "A Study on the Use of Tourism as a Soft Power Instrument in International Relations," Journal of Tourismology, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 6(2), pages 201-219.
    • Handle: RePEc:ist:iupjot:v:6:y:2020:i:2:p:201-219
    DOI: 10.26650/jot.2020.6.2.0005
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gonca Guzel Sahin, 2015. "Gastronomy Tourism as an Alternative Tourism: An Assessment on the Gastronomy Tourism Potential of Turkey," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 5(9), pages 79-105, September.
    2. Patricia L. Winter & Steven Selin & Lee Cerveny & Kelly Bricker, 2019. "Outdoor Recreation, Nature-Based Tourism, and Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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