Research on Collaborative Performance of Green Supply Chain Enabled by New Quality Productivity

As China’s economy transitions to high-quality development, the traditional growth model proves inadequate for current enterprise challenges. Optimizing resource allocation and cultivating new quality productive forces (NQP) constitute critical enablers of green supply chain collaboration and sustainable business practices. Green supply chain (GSC) collaboration synergizes economic-environmental performance while advancing sustainability. Using longitudinal data (2018–2022) from China’s A-share listed firms, this study examines NQP’s catalytic effects on GSC integration. We operationalized NQP through tripartite metrics (labor inputs, labor objects, and digitized labor processes) and developed a multi-dimensional assessment framework for GSC management integrating economic-environmental criteria. The degree of coupling synergy, calculated through the coupling degree and comprehensive development index, serves as a quantitative measure of GSC collaboration, allowing for a precise assessment of NQP advancement effects. Results demonstrate a significant positive association between NQP development and GSC collaborative performance. Heterogeneity analysis revealed differential impacts, with stronger effects in non-SOEs, technology-intensive sectors, and environmentally sensitive industries. Supply chain digitalization exhibited a moderating effect, strengthening NQP’s influence on GSC outcomes. This research addresses methodological gaps in GSC collaboration measurement and provides novel insights into how NQP drives its synergistic integration. Furthermore, it delivers practical guidance for enterprises to accelerate NQP adoption, optimize GSC partnerships, and operationalize sustainability initiatives.