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Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Driving Forces of Ecosystem Service Value at Multiple Scales in the Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration, China

Author

Listed:
  • Yongwei Liu

    (School of Business, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China)

  • Tianping Zhang

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China)

Abstract

The analysis of ecosystem service value (ESV) dynamics across space and time, along with their driving factors, is essential for informed ecosystem service administration and policy development. The Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration (SPUA) is an important, highly efficient eco-economic zone in China. Leveraging land use/land cover datasets covering the period 2000–2020, spatial autocorrelation analysis and geographical detector were used to examine the spatial distribution characteristics and driving forces of the ESV. The results indicated the following: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the ESV of SPUA exhibited an overall trend of “increase—decrease—increase”. Cropland, forest, and water bodies were the primary sources of ESV, with significant variations in the changes of ESV across different land-use types. (2) As the spatial scale increased, the level of spatial autocorrelation of the per-unit ESV gradually decreased, and no spatial autocorrelation was observed at the urban scale. Analysis revealed that the clustering trend was more pronounced at the township scale, and its stability over the years was higher than that at the county scale. (3) The per-unit ESV was driven primarily by socio-economic factors, and the relative importance of these driving forces was minimally affected by the spatial scale, indicating a certain degree of similarity across different scales. (4) The spatial distribution pattern of per-unit ESV was not driven by a single factor but by the interaction of multiple factors. These interactions were significantly influenced by spatial scale, with more complex interaction effects observed at the county scale. Slope, in particular, played a crucial role in the interactions. This research contributes valuable scientific knowledge for developing environmental conservation frameworks in the SPUA while supporting the region’s sustainable growth initiatives.

Suggested Citation

  • Yongwei Liu & Tianping Zhang, 2025. "Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Driving Forces of Ecosystem Service Value at Multiple Scales in the Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-21, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:10:p:4393-:d:1654163
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