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Sustainability in Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration: Combining Classical and Remote Sensing Methods for Effective Water Quality Management

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  • Robert Mazur

    (Department of Environmental Management and Protection, Faculty of Geo-Data Science, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
    Departamento Arqueologia, Conservação e Restauro e Património, Polytechnic Institute of Tomar, 300-313 Tomar, Portugal)

  • Zbigniew Kowalewski

    (Department of Environmental Management and Protection, Faculty of Geo-Data Science, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland)

  • Ewa Głowienka

    (Department of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing, and Spatial Engineering, Faculty of Geo-Data Science, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland)

  • Luis Santos

    (Departamento Arqueologia, Conservação e Restauro e Património, Polytechnic Institute of Tomar, 300-313 Tomar, Portugal)

  • Mateusz Jakubiak

    (Department of Environmental Management and Protection, Faculty of Geo-Data Science, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
    Departamento Arqueologia, Conservação e Restauro e Património, Polytechnic Institute of Tomar, 300-313 Tomar, Portugal)

Abstract

The utilization of Effective Microorganisms (EMs) for lake restoration represents a sustainable approach to enhancing water quality and rebalancing the ecology of aquatic ecosystems. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two bioremediation treatment cycles employing EM-enriched biopreparations on water quality in the Siemiatycze lakes. Specifically, this research analyzed various parameters, including dissolved oxygen, transparency, chlorophyll-a, pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and suspended matter (SM), across eleven designated sampling locations. Additionally, this study employed remote sensing techniques, leveraging Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and the Maximum Chlorophyll Index (MCI), to detect and quantify algal blooms, with a particular focus on elevated chlorophyll-a concentrations. This comprehensive approach aimed to provide a holistic understanding of the impact of biotechnological reclamation on aquatic ecosystem restoration and sustainability. The study’s findings indicated a significant improvement in water quality in all lakes, with enhanced water clarity and oxygen profiles. Further, remote sensing studies indicated a reduction in algal blooms, particularly those with high chlorophyll-a concentrations. A considerable decrease in water eutrophication intensity was observed due to diminished nutrient concentrations. The improvements in water parameters are likely to enhance the living conditions of aquatic organisms. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of using EM-enriched biopreparations in the bioremediation of lakes, providing a sustainable approach to enhancing water quality and balancing aquatic ecosystems.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Mazur & Zbigniew Kowalewski & Ewa Głowienka & Luis Santos & Mateusz Jakubiak, 2024. "Sustainability in Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration: Combining Classical and Remote Sensing Methods for Effective Water Quality Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-22, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:9:p:3716-:d:1385652
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kareiva, Peter & Tallis, Heather & Ricketts, Taylor H. & Daily, Gretchen C. & Polasky, Stephen (ed.), 2011. "Natural Capital: Theory and Practice of Mapping Ecosystem Services," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199589005.
    2. Jiancao Gao & Nailin Shao & Yi Sun & Zhijuan Nie & Xiwei Yang & Fei Dai & Gangchun Xu & Pao Xu, 2023. "Impact of Effective Microorganisms and Chlorella vulgaris on Eriocheir sinensis and Water Microbiota in Ponds Experiencing Cyanobacterial Blooms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, April.
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