IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v16y2024i23p10762-d1539266.html

Efficiency Maximization of Stand-Alone HRES Based on Tri-Level Economic Predictive Technique

Author

Listed:
  • Ayman Al-Quraan

    (Electrical Power Engineering Department, Hijjawi Faculty for Engineering Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan)

  • Ibrahim Athamnah

    (Electrical Power Engineering Department, Hijjawi Faculty for Engineering Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan)

  • Ahmad M. A. Malkawi

    (Mechatronics Engineering Department, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan)

Abstract

Renewable energy has been widely used in grid-connected and standalone hybrid renewable energy systems. These systems require a hybrid energy storage system due to the unpredictable climate and the inequality between the produced energy and the consumed energy. In this paper, a tri-level optimization method is used to optimize the sizing and the energy management of a standalone HRES, simplify the proposed optimization problem, and speed up the convergence process. Horizon prediction and weighting factor strategies are combined with the tri-level technique to find the most appropriate quantity of each element in the project and find the best energy management strategy. The objective function of the proposed methodology aims to minimize the total cost and improve the efficiency of the whole system. The proposed method was investigated on a standalone PV-WT with battery-hydrogen storage in different scenarios. The simulation results from the Matlab toolbox show that the performance indicators (cost and efficiency) are affected by the combination of the weighting factor and the forecasting index. The total productivity was improved by more than 2.5% in some scenarios while the investment cost and the running cost were reduced by values of 49.3% and 28.6%, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayman Al-Quraan & Ibrahim Athamnah & Ahmad M. A. Malkawi, 2024. "Efficiency Maximization of Stand-Alone HRES Based on Tri-Level Economic Predictive Technique," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-29, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:23:p:10762-:d:1539266
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/23/10762/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/23/10762/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hasan, M.A. & Parida, S.K., 2016. "An overview of solar photovoltaic panel modeling based on analytical and experimental viewpoint," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 75-83.
    2. Rullo, P. & Braccia, L. & Luppi, P. & Zumoffen, D. & Feroldi, D., 2019. "Integration of sizing and energy management based on economic predictive control for standalone hybrid renewable energy systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 436-451.
    3. Li, Qing & Zhang, Xinyan & Ma, Tianjiao & Jiao, Chunlei & Wang, Heng & Hu, Wei, 2021. "A multi-step ahead photovoltaic power prediction model based on similar day, enhanced colliding bodies optimization, variational mode decomposition, and deep extreme learning machine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    4. Martelli, Emanuele & Freschini, Marco & Zatti, Matteo, 2020. "Optimization of renewable energy subsidy and carbon tax for multi energy systems using bilevel programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    5. Ridha, Hussein Mohammed & Gomes, Chandima & Hizam, Hashim & Mirjalili, Seyedali, 2020. "Multiple scenarios multi-objective salp swarm optimization for sizing of standalone photovoltaic system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 1330-1345.
    6. Wang, Yun & Chen, Ken S. & Mishler, Jeffrey & Cho, Sung Chan & Adroher, Xavier Cordobes, 2011. "A review of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Technology, applications, and needs on fundamental research," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 981-1007, April.
    7. Wang, Jingxing & Chung, Seokhyun & AlShelahi, Abdullah & Kontar, Raed & Byon, Eunshin & Saigal, Romesh, 2021. "Look-ahead decision making for renewable energy: A dynamic “predict and store” approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    8. Ramakrishna S. S. Nuvvula & Devaraj Elangovan & Kishore Srinivasa Teegala & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Md. Rabiul Islam & Ravikiran Inapakurthi, 2021. "Optimal Sizing of Battery-Integrated Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources with Ramp Rate Limitations on a Grid Using ALA-QPSO," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-23, August.
    9. Feroldi, Diego & Rullo, Pablo & Zumoffen, David, 2015. "Energy management strategy based on receding horizon for a power hybrid system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 550-559.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dejkam, Rahil & Madlener, Reinhard, 2025. "Green mobility infrastructure: A techno-economic analysis of hybrid wind–solar PV charging stations for electric vehicles in Germany," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    2. Hooshmandian, Mehrnaz & Derakhshan, Ghasem & Hakimi, Seyed Mehdi & Rezaee Jordehi, Ahmad, 2025. "A two-stage framework for the joint planning and operation of battery-integrated renewable generation in microgrids coupled with energy hubs and electric vehicle parking lots," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sandoval, Cinda & Alvarado, Victor M. & Carmona, Jean-Claude & Lopez Lopez, Guadalupe & Gomez-Aguilar, J.F., 2017. "Energy management control strategy to improve the FC/SC dynamic behavior on hybrid electric vehicles: A frequency based distribution," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 407-418.
    2. Wang, Yujie & Sun, Zhendong & Li, Xiyun & Yang, Xiaoyu & Chen, Zonghai, 2019. "A comparative study of power allocation strategies used in fuel cell and ultracapacitor hybrid systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    3. Peng, Fei & Zhao, Yuanzhe & Li, Xiaopeng & Liu, Zhixiang & Chen, Weirong & Liu, Yang & Zhou, Donghua, 2017. "Development of master-slave energy management strategy based on fuzzy logic hysteresis state machine and differential power processing compensation for a PEMFC-LIB-SC hybrid tramway," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 346-363.
    4. Zhang, Xiaoqing & Yang, Jiapei & Ma, Xiao & Zhuge, Weilin & Shuai, Shijin, 2022. "Modelling and analysis on effects of penetration of microporous layer into gas diffusion layer in PEM fuel cells: Focusing on mass transport," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    5. Liao, Shuxin & Qiu, Diankai & Yi, Peiyun & Peng, Linfa & Lai, Xinmin, 2022. "Modeling of a novel cathode flow field design with optimized sub-channels to improve drainage for proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    6. Wang, Tao & Xu, Ye & Qin, Yu & Wang, Xu & Zheng, Feifan & Li, Wei, 2025. "Short-term PV forecasting of multiple scenarios based on multi-dimensional clustering and hybrid transformer-BiLSTM with ECPO," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    7. Zheng Huang & Laisuo Su & Yunjie Yang & Linsong Gao & Xinyu Liu & Heng Huang & Yubai Li & Yongchen Song, 2023. "Three-Dimensional Simulation on the Effects of Different Parameters and Pt Loading on the Long-Term Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-22, February.
    8. Vasallo, Manuel Jesús & Bravo, José Manuel & Andújar, José Manuel, 2013. "Optimal sizing for UPS systems based on batteries and/or fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 170-181.
    9. Huang, Chunjun & Zong, Yi & You, Shi & Træholt, Chresten & Zheng, Yi & Wang, Jiawei & Zheng, Zixuan & Xiao, Xianyong, 2023. "Economic and resilient operation of hydrogen-based microgrids: An improved MPC-based optimal scheduling scheme considering security constraints of hydrogen facilities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    10. Zhao, Jing & Yang, Zilan & Shi, Linyu & Liu, Dehan & Li, Haonan & Mi, Yumiao & Wang, Hongbin & Feng, Meili & Hutagaol, Timothy Joseph, 2024. "Photovoltaic capacity dynamic tracking model predictive control strategy of air-conditioning systems with consideration of flexible loads," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).
    11. Bae, Suk Joo & Kim, Seong-Joon & Lee, Jin-Hwa & Song, Inseob & Kim, Nam-In & Seo, Yongho & Kim, Ki Buem & Lee, Naesung & Park, Jun-Young, 2014. "Degradation pattern prediction of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack with series reliability structure via durability data of single cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 48-55.
    12. Yan, Peijian & Tian, Pengfei & Cai, Cheng & Zhou, Shenghu & Yu, Xinhai & Zhao, Shuangliang & Tu, Shan-Tung & Deng, Chengwei & Sun, Yi, 2020. "Antioxidative and stable PdZn/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst coatings concerning methanol steam reforming for fuel cell-powered vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    13. Bolouri, Amir & Kang, Chung Gil, 2014. "Study on dimensional and corrosion properties of thixoformed A356 and AA7075 aluminum bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 616-628.
    14. Yuanyuan He & Luxin Wan & Manli Zhang & Huijuan Zhao, 2022. "Regional Renewable Energy Installation Optimization Strategies with Renewable Portfolio Standards in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-18, August.
    15. Nirbheram, Joshi Sukhdev & Mahesh, Aeidapu & Bhimaraju, Ambati, 2025. "Feasibility study of a PV-grid-assisted charging station for electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles under uncertain arrivals," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    16. Tian, Beile & Mao, Songbo & Guo, Feiqiang & Bai, Jiaming & Shu, Rui & Qian, Lin & Liu, Qi, 2022. "Monolithic biochar-supported cobalt-based catalysts with high-activity and superior-stability for biomass tar reforming," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    17. Akhlaque Ahmad Khan & Ahmad Faiz Minai & Rupendra Kumar Pachauri & Hasmat Malik, 2022. "Optimal Sizing, Control, and Management Strategies for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-29, August.
    18. Kuang, Yunming & Lin, Boqiang, 2021. "Performance of tiered pricing policy for residential natural gas in China: Does the income effect matter?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    19. Yuan, Wei & Tang, Yong & Yang, Xiaojun & Wan, Zhenping, 2012. "Porous metal materials for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells – A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 309-329.
    20. Luka Mihanović & Željko Penga & Lei Xing & Viktor Hacker, 2021. "Combining Baffles and Secondary Porous Layers for Performance Enhancement of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-28, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:23:p:10762-:d:1539266. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager The email address of this maintainer does not seem to be valid anymore. Please ask MDPI Indexing Manager to update the entry or send us the correct address (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.