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Comprehensive Review of Crystalline Silicon Solar Panel Recycling: From Historical Context to Advanced Techniques

Author

Listed:
  • Pin-Han Chen

    (Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701401, Taiwan)

  • Wei-Sheng Chen

    (Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701401, Taiwan
    Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701401, Taiwan)

  • Cheng-Han Lee

    (Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701401, Taiwan
    Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701401, Taiwan)

  • Jun-Yi Wu

    (Department of Intelligent Automation Engineering, National Chin-Yi University, Taichung City 411030, Taiwan)

Abstract

This review addresses the growing need for the efficient recycling of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules (PVMs), in the context of global solar energy adoption and the impending surge in end-of-life (EoL) panel waste. It examines current recycling methodologies and associated challenges, given PVMs’ finite lifespan and the anticipated rise in solar panel waste. The study explores various recycling methods—mechanical, thermal, and chemical—each with unique advantages and limitations. Mechanical recycling, while efficient, faces economic and environmental constraints. Thermal methods, particularly pyrolysis, effectively break down organic materials but are energy-intensive. Chemical processes are adept at recovering high-purity materials but struggle with ecological and cost considerations. The review also highlights multifaceted challenges in recycling, including hazardous by-product generation, environmental impact, and the economic feasibility of recycling infrastructures. The conclusion emphasizes the need for innovative, sustainable, and economically viable recycling technologies. Such advancements, alongside global standards and policy development, are crucial for the long-term sustainability of solar energy and effective management of PVM waste.

Suggested Citation

  • Pin-Han Chen & Wei-Sheng Chen & Cheng-Han Lee & Jun-Yi Wu, 2023. "Comprehensive Review of Crystalline Silicon Solar Panel Recycling: From Historical Context to Advanced Techniques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:60-:d:1303991
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Surya Dev Singh & Pradyut Anand & Mario Di Nardo & Abhishek Kumar Singh & Shatrudhan Pandey, 2025. "Challenges and Opportunities in Recycling Technology of Silicon-Based Photovoltaic Solar Panels: A Systematic Review," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 5(8), pages 7283-7328, December.
    2. Amjad Ali & Muhammad Shahid & Sikandar Abdul Qadir & Md Tasbirul Islam & Muhammad Waseem Khan & Shoaib Ahmed, 2024. "Solar PV End-of-Life Waste Recycling: An Assessment of Mechanical Recycling Methods and Proposed Hybrid Laser and High Voltage Pulse Crushing Method," Resources, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-29, November.

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