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Performance Enhancement of an Upflow Anaerobic Dynamic Membrane Bioreactor via Granular Activated Carbon Addition for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

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  • Le Liu

    (Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Yisong Hu

    (Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
    International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Yi Qu

    (Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Dongxing Cheng

    (Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Yuan Yang

    (Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Rong Chen

    (Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
    International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Jiayuan Ji

    (Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan)

Abstract

Developing low-carbon advanced processes for sustainable wastewater treatment is of great importance to increase bioenergy recovery and to reduce the greenhouse gas effect. In this study, the influence of adding 25 g/L of granular activated carbon (GAC) on the process performance was studied with a lab-scale GAC amended anaerobic dynamic membrane (G-AnDMBR) used to treat real domestic wastewater, which was compared to a control bioreactor without the GAC addition (C-AnDMBR). Due to the initial adsorption effect of GAC and the high microbial activity of the attached biomass of GAC, the G-AnDMBR achieved a better removal of the total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) and turbidity compared to the C-AnDMBR, with the average removal rate increasing from 82.1% to 86.7% and from 88.7% to 93.2%. The gaseous methane production increased from 0.08 ± 0.05 to 0.14 ± 0.04 L/d, and the total methane production rate was enhanced from 0.21 ± 0.11 to 0.23 ± 0.09 LCH 4 /gCOD. Thus, the treatment performance of the G-AnDMBR was superior to that of the C-AnDMBR, and the addition of GAC could improve the effluent quality during the initial dynamic membrane formation process. In addition, the buffering effect of GAC made the G-AnDMBR maintain a relatively stable solution environment. The G-AnDMBR showed a transmembrane pressure (TMP) increasing rate of 0.045 kPa/d, which was obviously lower than that of the C-AnDMBR (0.057 kPa/d) because the nonfluidized GAC could trap fine sludge particles and adsorb soluble extracellular polymer substances (SEPSs), thus inhibiting the over formation of the dynamic membrane layer. A microbial property analysis indicated that GAC induced a change in the microbial community and enhanced the gene abundance of type IV pili and that it also potentially accelerated the direct interspecific electron transfer (DIET) among syntrophic bacteria and methanogens by enriching specific functional microorganisms. The results indicated that the integration of GAC and the AnDMBR process can be a cost-effective and promising alternative for domestic wastewater treatment and bioenergy recovery.

Suggested Citation

  • Le Liu & Yisong Hu & Yi Qu & Dongxing Cheng & Yuan Yang & Rong Chen & Jiayuan Ji, 2023. "Performance Enhancement of an Upflow Anaerobic Dynamic Membrane Bioreactor via Granular Activated Carbon Addition for Domestic Wastewater Treatment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:1055-:d:1026993
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chen, Cheng & Guo, Wenshan & Ngo, Huu Hao & Lee, Duu-Jong & Tung, Kuo-Lun & Jin, Pengkang & Wang, Jie & Wu, Yun, 2016. "Challenges in biogas production from anaerobic membrane bioreactors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 120-134.
    2. Wu, Wei & Chen, Guang & Wang, Zhiwei, 2022. "Enhanced sludge digestion using anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor: Effects of hydraulic retention time," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
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