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An Investigation of the Influence of the Night Lighting in a Urban Park on Individuals’ Emotions

Author

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  • Massimiliano Masullo

    (Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo, 81031 Aversa, Italy)

  • Federico Cioffi

    (Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo, 81031 Aversa, Italy)

  • Jian Li

    (Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo, 81031 Aversa, Italy)

  • Luigi Maffei

    (Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo, 81031 Aversa, Italy)

  • Michelangelo Scorpio

    (Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via San Lorenzo, 81031 Aversa, Italy)

  • Tina Iachini

    (Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Viale Ellittico 31, 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Gennaro Ruggiero

    (Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Viale Ellittico 31, 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Antonio Malferà

    (Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Viale Ellittico 31, 81100 Caserta, Italy)

  • Francesco Ruotolo

    (Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Viale Ellittico 31, 81100 Caserta, Italy)

Abstract

Outdoor urban lighting design is a complex issue. It involves multiple aspects (energy consumption, lighting pollution, aesthetics, and safety) that must be balanced to make sustainable decisions. Although the energy and environmental issues assumed a driving role in the optimization of the urban lighting design, its impact on the psychophysical well-being of individuals has received less attention. Artificial lighting has been shown to add several meanings to an individual’s experience of space: affective (affect, emotion, mood), cognitive (attention, imagination, perception), associative (memory, judgment), and motivational (closeness, openness, communication). Traditionally, studies on the effects of lighting on individuals’ emotions have mainly focused on indoor spaces, while the present study aims to investigate the influence of lighting on individuals’ emotions in an outdoor environment. Participants experienced a simulated urban park through virtual reality. Specifically, the urban park was shown with different combinations of overall illuminance (high vs medium vs low) and correlated colour temperature (CCT) (warm vs intermediate vs cool). For each combination, participants were asked to judge how they felt. In general, results showed that high-intensity cool light made participants more nervous, while warm light made individuals feel more tired and less motivated to explore the park. In contrast, an intermediate CCT at low or medium illuminance impacted individuals positively. Finally, it was found that participants’ mood predicted the impact that park lighting would have on them. These results suggest that assessing the influence of lighting on individuals’ emotions allows the decision-makers to implement the type of artificial lighting that will simultaneously safeguard both the well-being of individuals and the environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Massimiliano Masullo & Federico Cioffi & Jian Li & Luigi Maffei & Michelangelo Scorpio & Tina Iachini & Gennaro Ruggiero & Antonio Malferà & Francesco Ruotolo, 2022. "An Investigation of the Influence of the Night Lighting in a Urban Park on Individuals’ Emotions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8556-:d:861524
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amparo Berenice Calvillo Cortés & Luis Eduardo Falcón Morales, 2016. "Emotions and the Urban Lighting Environment," SAGE Open, , vol. 6(1), pages 21582440166, February.
    2. Annika K. Jägerbrand & Constantinos A. Bouroussis, 2021. "Ecological Impact of Artificial Light at Night: Effective Strategies and Measures to Deal with Protected Species and Habitats," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-24, May.
    3. Michelangelo Scorpio & Roberta Laffi & Massimiliano Masullo & Giovanni Ciampi & Antonio Rosato & Luigi Maffei & Sergio Sibilio, 2020. "Virtual Reality for Smart Urban Lighting Design: Review, Applications and Opportunities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-26, July.
    4. Melita Rozman Cafuta, 2021. "Sustainable City Lighting Impact and Evaluation Methodology of Lighting Quality from a User Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-23, March.
    5. Johan Rahm & Maria Johansson, 2021. "Assessment of Outdoor Lighting: Methods for Capturing the Pedestrian Experience in the Field," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-15, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Michelangelo Scorpio & Davide Carleo & Martina Gargiulo & Pilar Chías Navarro & Yorgos Spanodimitriou & Parinaz Sabet & Massimiliano Masullo & Giovanni Ciampi, 2023. "A Review of Subjective Assessments in Virtual Reality for Lighting Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-25, May.
    2. Massimiliano Masullo & Federico Cioffi & Jian Li & Luigi Maffei & Giovanni Ciampi & Sergio Sibilio & Michelangelo Scorpio, 2023. "Urban Park Lighting Quality Perception: An Immersive Virtual Reality Experiment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, January.

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