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Study on the Characteristics of Soil Erosion in the Black Soil Area of Northeast China under Natural Rainfall Conditions: The Case of Sunjiagou Small Watershed

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  • Taoyan Dai

    (College of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150000, China)

  • Liquan Wang

    (College of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150000, China)

  • Tienan Li

    (Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin 150000, China)

  • Pengpeng Qiu

    (Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin 150000, China)

  • Jun Wang

    (Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin 150000, China)

Abstract

In the black soil area, where soil erosion is severe and the soil is in urgent need of ecological restoration, providing reasonable and practical measures to prevent soil erosion and restore the soil is an urgent issue at present. In this study, nine runoff plots were deployed in Bin County, the core area of soil erosion control, to monitor runoff and soil loss long-term, simulated by the erosion potential method (EPM) for comparison. Studies have shown that soil erosion is strongly influenced by soil conservation measures, land use, and vegetation cover. In contrast, slope, pre-soil moisture content, and soil crusting due to rainfall can affect erosion in a single rainfall event. The most severe soil erosion was in bare land, up to 1093.58 t km −2 a −1 , followed by longitudinal ridge tillage land (751.88 t km −2 a −1 ) and cross ridge tillage land (31.58 t km −2 a −1 ). The shrublands and mixed forests planted for ecological restoration experienced almost no erosion. The soil loss rate of the cross ridge tillage and ecological restoration plots was much lower than the allowable soil loss rate (200 t km −2 a −1 ). Under erosive storms, longitudinal ridge tillage can produce soil loss rates that far exceed those of bare ground. The change from longitudinal ridge tillage to cross ridge tillage on gentle slopes can effectively prevent soil erosion in the study area. The vegetation restoration measures of planting shrubs such as Amorpha fruticosa Linn. are incredibly effective in the ecological restoration of wastelands in black soil areas. For the black soil area after the retreat, the vertical structure of vegetation can be improved by planting shrubs at the bottom, thus achieving a good restoration effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Taoyan Dai & Liquan Wang & Tienan Li & Pengpeng Qiu & Jun Wang, 2022. "Study on the Characteristics of Soil Erosion in the Black Soil Area of Northeast China under Natural Rainfall Conditions: The Case of Sunjiagou Small Watershed," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8284-:d:857031
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jixian Mo & Jie Li & Ziying Wang & Ziwei Song & Jingyi Feng & Yanjing Che & Jiandong Rong & Siyu Gu, 2023. "Spatiotemporal Evolution of Wind Erosion and Ecological Service Assessments in Northern Songnen Plain, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-20, March.
    3. Shuning Lu & Chong Yao & Faqi Wu, 2023. "Effects of Counter Tillage and Slope Gradient on Nutrient Losses on Sloping Farmland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-14, January.
    4. Xiangqun Xie & Xinke Wang & Zhenfeng Wang & Hong Lin & Huili Xie & Zhiyong Shi & Xiaoting Hu & Xingzhao Liu, 2023. "Influence of Landscape Pattern Evolution on Soil Conservation in a Red Soil Hilly Watershed of Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-24, January.
    5. Nan Jiang & Fojun Yao & Tao Liu & Zhuo Chen & Chen Hu & Xinxia Geng, 2023. "Estimating the Soil Erosion Response to Land-Use Change Using GIS-Based RUSLE and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Heilongjiang Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, May.

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