IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i1p382-d474330.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Interrelationships between Land Use Land Cover (LULC) and Human Thermal Comfort (HTC): A Comparative Analysis of Different Spatial Settings

Author

Listed:
  • Lee Bak Yeo

    (School of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur 53300, Malaysia
    Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Bachok 16300, Malaysia)

  • Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling

    (Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia)

  • Mou Leong Tan

    (Geoinformatic Unit, Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia)

  • Pau Chung Leng

    (Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia)

Abstract

A few studies on outdoor human thermal comfort (HTC) have been conducted in the tropical region in a hot and humid climate; however, there is a paucity of discussions on how exactly different spatial settings influence HTC. Thus, this paper aims to examine how land use land cover (LULC) affects HTC on the basis of the simulation of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) indices via ENVI-met and Rayman. The results reveal that people living in the urban area have a higher tendency to experience strong heat stress (25% of the areas with PMV ranging from 3.4 to 3.9 and 2% of the areas, where PMV reached 4.1), followed by the rural area (43% of the areas with PMV ranging from 2.1 to 2.4), and the suburban area (more than 50% of the areas with PMV values less than 2.4). Surprisingly, a concrete LULC in the suburb area exhibits a higher air temperature than an asphalt surface at 4 p.m., due to the large area of high albedo that increases the reflection of solar radiation, subsequently contributing to warming up the airmass. Similarly, sandy, and loamy LULC tend to emit more heat during nighttime, while the heat is absorbed slowly during daytime, and it is then slowly released during nighttime after 6 p.m. Spatial settings that promote heat stress in the urban area are mainly contributed by an LULC of asphalt, concrete, sandy, and loamy areas. Meanwhile, people in the suburban and rural areas are less likely to experience heat stress, due to agricultural plantations and lowland forest that provide shade, except for the barren lands-loamy areas. The result also indicates that tree-covered areas near the river in the suburban area afforded the best thermal experience with PMV of 2.1 and PET of 30.7. From the LULC comparison, it is pivotal to consider tree species (canopy density), surface material (albedo), sky-view factor, wind direction, and speed toward designing a more comfortable and sustainable environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Lee Bak Yeo & Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling & Mou Leong Tan & Pau Chung Leng, 2021. "Interrelationships between Land Use Land Cover (LULC) and Human Thermal Comfort (HTC): A Comparative Analysis of Different Spatial Settings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:382-:d:474330
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/1/382/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/1/382/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sheikh Ahmad Zaki & Nor Suhada Azid & Mohd Fairuz Shahidan & Mohamad Zaki Hassan & Mohd Yusof Md Daud & Nor Azlina Abu Bakar & Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali & Fitri Yakub, 2020. "Analysis of Urban Morphological Effect on the Microclimate of the Urban Residential Area of Kampung Baru in Kuala Lumpur Using a Geospatial Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-29, September.
    2. Andreou, E., 2013. "Thermal comfort in outdoor spaces and urban canyon microclimate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 182-188.
    3. Lilliana L.H. Peng & C. Y. Jim, 2013. "Green-Roof Effects on Neighborhood Microclimate and Human Thermal Sensation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-21, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Haifang Tang & Junyou Liu & Bohong Zheng, 2022. "Study on the Green Space Patterns and Microclimate Simulation in Typical Urban Blocks in Central China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-39, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Danjie Shen & Shujing Dong, 2022. "Transition of Urban Morphology in the Mountainous Areas Since Early-Modern Times from the Perspective of Urban Historic Landscapeā€”A GIS Tools and Historical Map Translation Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Yunfang Jiang & Danran Song & Tiemao Shi & Xuemei Han, 2018. "Adaptive Analysis of Green Space Network Planning for the Cooling Effect of Residential Blocks in Summer: A Case Study in Shanghai," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-25, September.
    3. Jim, C.Y., 2015. "Cold-season solar input and ambivalent thermal behavior brought by climber greenwalls," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P1), pages 926-938.
    4. Jamei, E. & Ossen, D.R. & Seyedmahmoudian, M. & Sandanayake, M. & Stojcevski, A. & Horan, B., 2020. "Urban design parameters for heat mitigation in tropics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    5. George M. Stavrakakis & Dimitris Al. Katsaprakakis & Markos Damasiotis, 2021. "Basic Principles, Most Common Computational Tools, and Capabilities for Building Energy and Urban Microclimate Simulations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-41, October.
    6. Anna Laura Pisello, 2015. "Experimental Analysis of Cool Traditional Solar Shading Systems for Residential Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-14, March.
    7. Pingying Lin & Zhonghua Gou & Stephen Siu-Yu Lau & Hao Qin, 2017. "The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-19, December.
    8. Maria Makropoulou, 2017. "Microclimate Improvement of Inner-City Urban Areas in a Mediterranean Coastal City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-29, May.
    9. Berardi, Umberto & GhaffarianHoseini, AmirHosein & GhaffarianHoseini, Ali, 2014. "State-of-the-art analysis of the environmental benefits of green roofs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 411-428.
    10. Xie, Xiaoxiong & Sahin, Ozge & Luo, Zhiwen & Yao, Runming, 2020. "Impact of neighbourhood-scale climate characteristics on building heating demand and night ventilation cooling potential," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 943-956.
    11. Luca Evangelisti & Claudia Guattari & Gianluca Grazieschi & Marta Roncone & Francesco Asdrubali, 2020. "On the Energy Performance of an Innovative Green Roof in the Mediterranean Climate," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, October.
    12. Yi-Yu Huang & Tien-Jih Ma, 2019. "Using Edible Plant and Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate (LECA) to Strengthen the Thermal Performance of Extensive Green Roofs in Subtropical Urban Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-27, January.
    13. Abdul Naser Majidi & Zoran Vojinovic & Alida Alves & Sutat Weesakul & Arlex Sanchez & Floris Boogaard & Jeroen Kluck, 2019. "Planning Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Flood Reduction and Thermal Comfort Enhancement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-27, November.
    14. Noemi Caltabellotta & Felicia Cavaleri & Carlo Greco & Kestutis Navickas & Carlo Scibetta & Laura Giammanco, 2019. "Integration of green roofs&walls in urban areas," RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA', FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 0(2 Suppl.), pages 61-78.
    15. Kleerekoper, Laura & Taleghani, Mohammad & van den Dobbelsteen, Andy & Hordijk, Truus, 2017. "Urban measures for hot weather conditions in a temperate climate condition: A review study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 515-533.
    16. Hanafiah Mohd Hafiz & Amir Ahmad Fitri & Kamal Nurul Nazirah Shamsul & Saharuddin Nur Nabihah, 2021. "Sustainable Urban Tourism Development and Quality of Life: A Case of Kampung Bharu, Kuala Lumpur," Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, Sciendo, vol. 28(3), pages 27-34, September.
    17. Kariminia, Shahab & Shamshirband, Shahaboddin & Motamedi, Shervin & Hashim, Roslan & Roy, Chandrabhushan, 2016. "A systematic extreme learning machine approach to analyze visitors׳ thermal comfort at a public urban space," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 751-760.
    18. Golnoosh Manteghi & Hasanuddin limit & Dilshan Remaz, 2015. "Water Bodies an Urban Microclimate: A Review," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(6), pages 1-1, June.
    19. Stefano Cascone, 2019. "Green Roof Design: State of the Art on Technology and Materials," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-27, May.
    20. Alessandra Battisti & Flavia Laureti & Michele Zinzi & Giulia Volpicelli, 2018. "Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Roofs and Pavements: A Case Study at Sapienza University Campus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-30, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:382-:d:474330. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.