IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i14p7834-d593561.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Emission Characteristics of Hazardous Air Pollutants from Medium-Duty Diesel Trucks Based on Driving Cycles

Author

Listed:
  • Sungwoon Jung

    (Division of Global Environment Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Sunmoon Kim

    (Transportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Taekho Chung

    (Transportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Heekyoung Hong

    (Transportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Seunghwan Lee

    (Transportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Jaehyun Lim

    (Division of Global Environment Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

Abstract

Studies on the characteristics of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in the emissions of medium-duty diesel trucks are significantly insufficient compared to those on heavy-duty trucks. This study investigated the characteristics of regulated pollutants and HAPs, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and estimated non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC) speciation in the emissions of medium-duty diesel trucks. Ten medium-duty diesel trucks conforming to Euros 5 and 6 were tested for four various driving cycles (WLTC, NEDC, CVS-75, and NIER-9) using a chassis dynamometer. In an urban area such as Seoul, CO and NMHC emissions were increased because of its longer low-speed driving time. NOx emissions were the highest in the high-speed phase owing to the influence of thermal NOx. PM emissions were almost not emitted because of the DPF installation. Alkanes dominated non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions, 36–63% of which resulted from the low reaction of the diesel oxidation catalyst. Formaldehyde emissions were the highest for 35–53% among aldehydes irrespective of driving cycles. By sampling the particle-phase of PAHs, we detected benzo(k)fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene and estimated the concentrations of the gas-phase PAHs with models to obtain the total PAH concentrations. In the particle portion, benzo(k)fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were over 69% and over 91%, respectively. The toxic equivalency quantities of benzo(k)fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene from NIER-9 (cold) for both Euro 5 and Euro 6 vehicles were more than five times higher than those of NIER (hot) and NEDC. In the case of NMHC speciation, formaldehyde emissions were the highest for 10–45% in all the driving cycles. Formaldehyde and benzene must be controlled in the emissions of medium-duty diesel trucks to reduce their health threats. The results of this study will aid in establishing a national emission inventory system for HAPs of mobile sources in Korea.

Suggested Citation

  • Sungwoon Jung & Sunmoon Kim & Taekho Chung & Heekyoung Hong & Seunghwan Lee & Jaehyun Lim, 2021. "Emission Characteristics of Hazardous Air Pollutants from Medium-Duty Diesel Trucks Based on Driving Cycles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:14:p:7834-:d:593561
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/14/7834/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/14/7834/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tan, Pi-qiang & Zhong, Yi-mei & Hu, Zhi-yuan & Lou, Di-ming, 2017. "Size distributions, PAHs and inorganic ions of exhaust particles from a heavy duty diesel engine using B20 biodiesel with different exhaust aftertreatments," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 898-906.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa & Tommaso Selleri & Roberto Gioria & Anastasios D. Melas & Christian Ferrarese & Jacopo Franzetti & Bertold Arlitt & Naoki Nagura & Takaaki Hanada & Barouch Giechaskiel, 2022. "Real-Time Measurements of Formaldehyde Emissions from Modern Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-12, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chen, Ying-jie & Tan, Pi-qiang & Duan, Li-shuang & Liu, Yang & Lou, Di-ming & Hu, Zhi-yuan, 2023. "Temperature, particulate emission characteristics, and emission reduction performance for SCR coated on DPF under drop to idle regeneration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    2. Chu, Huaqiang & Han, Weiwei & Cao, Wenjian & Gu, Mingyan & Xu, Guangju, 2019. "Effect of methane addition to ethylene on the morphology and size distribution of soot in a laminar co-flow diffusion flame," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 392-400.
    3. García, Duban & Ramos, Ángel & Rodríguez-Fernández, José & Bustamante, Felipe & Alarcón, Edwin & Lapuerta, Magín, 2020. "Impact of oxyfunctionalized turpentine on emissions from a Euro 6 diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    4. Zhang, Yunhua & Lou, Diming & Tan, Piqiang & Hu, Zhiyuan, 2018. "Particulate emissions from urban bus fueled with biodiesel blend and their reducing characteristics using particulate after-treatment system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 77-86.
    5. Ghadikolaei, Meisam Ahmadi & Wong, Pak Kin & Cheung, Chun Shun & Ning, Zhi & Yung, Ka-Fu & Zhao, Jing & Gali, Nirmal Kumar & Berenjestanaki, Alireza Valipour, 2021. "Impact of lower and higher alcohols on the physicochemical properties of particulate matter from diesel engines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    6. Kang, Yinhu & Sun, Yuming & Lu, Xiaofeng & Gou, Xiaolong & Sun, Sicong & Yan, Jin & Song, Yangfan & Zhang, Pengyuan & Wang, Quanhai & Ji, Xuanyu, 2018. "Soot formation characteristics of ethylene premixed burner-stabilized stagnation flame with dimethyl ether addition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 709-721.
    7. Li, Zhaohao & Mi, Dabin & Zhang, Heng & Chen, Haiping & Liu, Zhenghao & Gao, Dan, 2021. "Experimental study on synergistic capture of fine particles and waste heat from flue gas using membrane condenser," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:14:p:7834-:d:593561. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.