IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i11p5927-d561341.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Success Factors and Sustainability of the K-Pop Industry: A Structural Equation Model and Fuzzy Set Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Joon-ho Kim

    (The Cultural Policy Laboratory, Sangmyung University, Chungcheongnam-do 31006, Korea)

  • Seung-hye Jung

    (School of Dance, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea)

  • Jung-sik Roh

    (Department of Dance, Yongin University, Gyeonggi-do 17092, Korea)

  • Hyun-ju Choi

    (Department of Cultural & Arts Management, Sangmyung University, Chungcheongnam-do 31066, Korea)

Abstract

As the popularity of K-pop grows, the industry is contributing to the positive perceptions of South Korea’s overall national brand value. This has led to it being considered a strategic industry worth cultivating. However, many people are unsure of its sustainability. To address this, our study investigates the factors that are key to the industry’s success—K-pop industry success factors—and their relationship with sustainability (SNS citizenship behavior and tourist behavioral intention). The study surveyed 1247 global viewers (eight countries) who listen to K-pop via TV, radio, and the Internet, watch K-pop videos on YouTube, and search information related to K-pop on SNS. The collected data were analyzed using two statistical techniques: structural equation model (SEM) analysis and fuzzy set-quality comparative analysis (fsQCA). (1) According to the SEM analysis, of the K-pop success factors, three factors demonstrated a statistically significant positive influence on SNS citizenship behavior: casting, producing/promotion, and content. (2) SNS citizenship behavior showed a statistically significant positive influence on tourist behavioral intention. (3) According to the fsQCA results, casting, training, social media, content, and SNS citizenship behavior were commonly derived at least three times, indicating that these are key factors impacting tourist behavioral intention. (4) In summary, results confirmed that, with the exception of producers, the five K-pop success factors, casting, training, producing/promotion, social media, and content, are crucial to sustainability and to increasing tourist behavioral intention.

Suggested Citation

  • Joon-ho Kim & Seung-hye Jung & Jung-sik Roh & Hyun-ju Choi, 2021. "Success Factors and Sustainability of the K-Pop Industry: A Structural Equation Model and Fuzzy Set Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:11:p:5927-:d:561341
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/11/5927/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/11/5927/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Deukhee Park & Gyehee Lee & Woo Gon Kim & Taegoo Terry Kim, 2019. "Social Network Analysis as a Valuable Tool for Understanding Tourists’ Multi-Attraction Travel Behavioral Intention to Revisit and Recommend," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Won‐Moo Hur & Hanna Kim & Hyun Kyung Kim, 2018. "Does customer engagement in corporate social responsibility initiatives lead to customer citizenship behaviour? The mediating roles of customer‐company identification and affective commitment," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(6), pages 1258-1269, November.
    3. Joo Hwan Seo & Bumsoo Kim, 2020. "The “Hallyu†phenomenon: Utilizing tourism destination as product placement in K-POP culture," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(4), pages 719-728, June.
    4. Olivier Boiral & David Talbot & Pascal Paillé, 2015. "Leading by Example: A Model of Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(6), pages 532-550, September.
    5. Chen, Ching-Fu & Chen, Fu-Shian, 2010. "Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intentions for heritage tourists," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 29-35.
    6. Lee, Sangjae & Jeon, Sungil & Kim, Doyoung, 2011. "The impact of tour quality and tourist satisfaction on tourist loyalty: The case of Chinese tourists in Korea," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 1115-1124.
    7. Xin Chen & Zhen-feng Cheng & Gyu-Bae Kim, 2020. "Make It Memorable: Tourism Experience, Fun, Recommendation and Revisit Intentions of Chinese Outbound Tourists," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-24, March.
    8. Se-Hak Chun & Ariunzaya Nyam-Ochir, 2020. "The Effects of Fast Food Restaurant Attributes on Customer Satisfaction, Revisit Intention, and Recommendation Using DINESERV Scale," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-19, September.
    9. Jimmyn Parc & Shin Dong Kim, 2020. "The Digital Transformation of the Korean Music Industry and the Global Emergence of K-Pop," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-16, September.
    10. Tom Kuhlman & John Farrington, 2010. "What is Sustainability?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 2(11), pages 1-13, November.
    11. Tonder, Estelle van & Saunders, Stephen Graham & Lisita, Inonge Theresa & de Beer, Leon Tielman, 2018. "The importance of customer citizenship behaviour in the modern retail environment: Introducing and testing a social exchange model," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 92-102.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hyun-ju Choi, 2021. "Effect of Chief Executive Officer’s Sustainable Leadership Styles on Organization Members’ Psychological Well-Being and Organizational Citizenship Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-29, December.
    2. Tien-Chin Wang & Tsai-Yun Huang & Chien-Hui Lee, 2023. "Exploring the Preference of Corporations for Sponsorship Motives and the Impact of Sponsorship Motives on Sponsoring Intention in Post-Epidemic Era: Using Two Different Approaches—FPR and SEM," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-22, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ilisa Fajriyati & Adi Zakaria Afiff & Gita Gayatri & Sri Rahayu Hijrah Hati, 2022. "Attributes Influencing Overall Tourist Satisfaction and Its Consequences for Muslim-Majority Destination," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(1), pages 21582440211, January.
    2. Lujun Su & Yinghua Huang, 2018. "How does Perceived Destination Social Responsibility Impact Revisit Intentions: The Mediating Roles of Destination Preference and Relationship Quality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, December.
    3. Tatjana Stanovčić & Mileva Manojlović & Djurdjica Perovic, 2021. "The Relationship between Cultural Tourist Experience and Recommendation Intention: Empirical Evidence from Montenegr," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-13, November.
    4. Antonino Mario Oliveri & Gabriella Polizzi & Anna Maria Parroco, 2019. "Measuring Tourist Satisfaction Through a Dual Approach: The 4Q Methodology," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 146(1), pages 361-382, November.
    5. María Dolores Benítez-Márquez & Guillermo Bermúdez-González & Eva María Sánchez-Teba & Elena Cruz-Ruiz, 2021. "Exploring the Antecedents of Cruisers’ Destination Loyalty: Cognitive Destination Image and Cruisers’ Satisfaction," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-24, May.
    6. Shahida Kanwel & Zhou Lingqiang & Muhammad Asif & Jinsoo Hwang & Abid Hussain & Arif Jameel, 2019. "The Influence of Destination Image on Tourist Loyalty and Intention to Visit: Testing a Multiple Mediation Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-19, November.
    7. Wu, Hung-Che & Ai, Chi-Han & Cheng, Ching-Chan, 2019. "Experiential quality, experiential psychological states and experiential outcomes in an unmanned convenience store," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 409-420.
    8. Joon-ho Kim & Kwang-jin Kim & Bum-tae Park & Hyun-ju Choi, 2022. "The Phenomenon and Development of K-Pop: The Relationship between Success Factors of K-Pop and the National Image, Social Network Service Citizenship Behavior, and Tourist Behavioral Intention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-30, March.
    9. Utkarsh, & Gupta, Roopak Kumar, 2022. "Effects of confidence and social benefits on consumers’ extra-role and in-role behaviors: A social identity and social exchange perspective," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    10. Paula Remoaldo & Mansour Ghanian & Juliana Alves, 2020. "Exploring the Experience of Creative Tourism in the Northern Region of Portugal—A Gender Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-17, December.
    11. Esen ŞAHİN & Melis ATTAR & Aboobakr NIAVAND, 2020. "The Influence of Advertising on Brand Equity of Chabahar Free Zone Tourism Destination (Iran)," Istanbul Management Journal, Istanbul University Business School, vol. 0(88), pages 21-55, June.
    12. Pedro Cuesta-Valiño & Pablo Gutiérrez-Rodríguez & Cristina Loranca-Valle, 2021. "Sustainable Management of Sports Federations: The Indirect Effects of Perceived Service on Member’s Loyalty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-24, January.
    13. Yu Wang & Roaa H. Latief & Hasan Al-Mosawe & Hussein K. Mohammad & Amjad Albayati & Jonathan Haynes, 2021. "Influence of Iron Filing Waste on the Performance of Warm Mix Asphalt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-17, December.
    14. Nketiah, Emmanuel & Song, Huaming & Cai, Xiang & Adjei, Mavis & Adu-Gyamfi, Gibbson & Obuobi, Bright, 2022. "Citizens’ intention to invest in municipal solid waste to energy projects in Ghana: The impact of direct and indirect effects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PC).
    15. Heesup Han & Myong Jae Lee & Wansoo Kim, 2018. "Antecedents of Green Loyalty in the Cruise Industry: Sustainable Development and Environmental Management," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(3), pages 323-335, March.
    16. Kim, Yeonshin & Hur, Won-Moo & Lee, Luri, 2023. "Understanding customer participation in CSR activities: The impact of perceptions of CSR, affective commitment, brand equity, and corporate reputation," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    17. Badir S. Alsaeed & Dexter V. L. Hunt & Soroosh Sharifi, 2022. "Sustainable Water Resources Management Assessment Frameworks (SWRM-AF) for Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-31, November.
    18. Yuhan Ge & Qing Yuan & Yaxi Wang & Keunsoo Park, 2021. "The Structural Relationship among Perceived Service Quality, Perceived Value, and Customer Satisfaction-Focused on Starbucks Reserve Coffee Shops in Shanghai, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-19, August.
    19. Zhang Juan, 2020. "Diversification of Factors Influencing Qualitative Evaluation of a Historical and Cultural Destination," Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, Sciendo, vol. 27(1), pages 33-39, March.
    20. Hildegunn Mellesmo Aslaksen & Clare Hildebrandt & Hans Chr. Garmann Johnsen, 2021. "The long-term transformation of the concept of CSR: towards a more comprehensive emphasis on sustainability," International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 1-14, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:11:p:5927-:d:561341. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.