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Puyango, Ecuador Petrified Forest, a Geological Heritage of the Cretaceous Albian-Middle, and Its Relevance for the Sustainable Development of Geotourism

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  • Fernando Morante-Carballo

    (Centro de Investigación y Proyectos Aplicados a las Ciencias de la Tierra (CIPAT), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, 9015863 Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas (FCNM), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, 9015863 Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Geo-recursos y Aplicaciones GIGA, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, 9015863 Guayaquil, Ecuador)

  • Geanella Herrera-Narváez

    (Centro de Investigación y Proyectos Aplicados a las Ciencias de la Tierra (CIPAT), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, 9015863 Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra (FICT), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, 9015863 Guayaquil, Ecuador)

  • Nelson Jiménez-Orellana

    (Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra (FICT), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, 9015863 Guayaquil, Ecuador)

  • Paúl Carrión-Mero

    (Centro de Investigación y Proyectos Aplicados a las Ciencias de la Tierra (CIPAT), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, 9015863 Guayaquil, Ecuador
    Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra (FICT), ESPOL Polytechnic University, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, 9015863 Guayaquil, Ecuador)

Abstract

Geodiversity treaties have multiplied and given rise to geological heritage as a singular value of protection and preservation for territories. The Puyango Petrified Forest (PPF) is a recognized Ecuadorian reserve, which was declared a National Heritage Treasure. It has an area of 2659 hectares, and it is located in the south of Ecuador, between the provinces of El Oro and Loja. The petrified trunks and trees were buried by volcanic lava, dating from the Cretaceous Period, 96 to 112 million years ago. Thus, silicification and carbonization, two important fossilization events, have produced hundreds of samples of paleontological wealth in Puyango. The objective of this work is to methodologically assess the geodiversity of a fraction of the PPF by registering its geological heritage and value for its preservation and sustainable development. The methodology is based on: (i) Analysis of information on the territory used for tourist visits, as a pilot study area. Presentation of paleontological components and their main sections to enhance their geotouristics value; (ii) Assessment of the geological heritage for its geotourism categorization with a recognized scientific methodology and one proposed by the co-authors propose; and (iii) Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) as a guide for protection and development strategies. Findings reveal the high geotourism potential for a Geopark Project in Puyango, since only 300 hectares are used for tourism and the remaining area is a virgin environment for research and improving knowledge of geodiversity and biodiversity.

Suggested Citation

  • Fernando Morante-Carballo & Geanella Herrera-Narváez & Nelson Jiménez-Orellana & Paúl Carrión-Mero, 2020. "Puyango, Ecuador Petrified Forest, a Geological Heritage of the Cretaceous Albian-Middle, and Its Relevance for the Sustainable Development of Geotourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-24, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:16:p:6579-:d:398880
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ľubomír Štrba & Branislav Kršák & Csaba Sidor, 2018. "Some Comments to Geosite Assessment, Visitors, and Geotourism Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-8, July.
    2. Ľubomír Štrba & Jana Kolačkovská & Dušan Kudelas & Branislav Kršák & Csaba Sidor, 2020. "Geoheritage and Geotourism Contribution to Tourism Development in Protected Areas of Slovakia—Theoretical Considerations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Gricelda Herrera-Franco & Paúl Carrión-Mero & Niurka Alvarado & Fernando Morante-Carballo & Alfonso Maldonado & Pablo Caldevilla & Josué Briones-Bitar & Edgar Berrezueta, 2020. "Geosites and Georesources to Foster Geotourism in Communities: Case Study of the Santa Elena Peninsula Geopark Project in Ecuador," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-24, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Paúl Carrión-Mero & Alicia Ayala-Granda & Sthefano Serrano-Ayala & Fernando Morante-Carballo & Maribel Aguilar-Aguilar & Miguel Gurumendi-Noriega & Nataly Paz-Salas & Gricelda Herrera-Franco & Edgar B, 2020. "Assessment of Geomorphosites for Geotourism in the Northern Part of the “Ruta Escondida” (Quito, Ecuador)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-23, October.
    2. Paúl Carrión-Mero & César Borja-Bernal & Gricelda Herrera-Franco & Fernando Morante-Carballo & María Jaya-Montalvo & Alfonso Maldonado-Zamora & Nataly Paz-Salas & Edgar Berrezueta, 2021. "Geosites and Geotourism in the Local Development of Communities of the Andes Mountains. A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-23, April.

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