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A Numerical Study on Mitigation Strategies of Urban Heat Islands in a Tropical Megacity: A Case Study in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

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  • Jou-Man Huang

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan)

  • Liang-Chun Chen

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan)

Abstract

In recent years, with the rapid increase in global warming and urbanization, urban heat island effects (UHI) have become an important environmental issue. Taiwan is no exception, with previous studies demonstrating serious UHIs in megacities. Although existing UHI research has utilized computer simulations to analyze improvement scenarios, there are few cooling strategy studies in actual blocks of Taiwan. Therefore, this study selected a block of a megacity in a tropical region of Taiwan as a case study by ENVI-met. Five improvement strategies were tested and compared to the current situation (B0): (1) Case C1 changed to permeable pavement, (2) Case C2 increased the green coverage ratio (GCR) of the street to 60%, (3) Case C3 changed to permeable pavement and increased the GCR in the street to 60%, (4) Case C4 changed to permeable pavement, increased the GCR in the street to 60%, and increased the GCR in the parks to 80%, and (5) Case C5 changed to permeable pavement, increased GCR in the street to 60% and parks to 80%, and set the GCR on the roof of public buildings to 100%. The results showed that the average temperature of the current thermal environment is 36.0 °C, with the comfort level described as very hot. Among the five improvement schemes, C5 had the greatest effect, cooling the area by an average of 2.00 °C. Further analysis of the relationship between the different GCRs of streets (SGCR) and the cooling effects revealed that for every 10% increase in the SGCR, the temperature of the pedestrian layer was reduced by 0.15 °C.

Suggested Citation

  • Jou-Man Huang & Liang-Chun Chen, 2020. "A Numerical Study on Mitigation Strategies of Urban Heat Islands in a Tropical Megacity: A Case Study in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:10:p:3952-:d:356926
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Younha Kim & Seung Man An & Jeong-Hee Eum & Jung-Hun Woo, 2016. "Analysis of Thermal Environment over a Small-Scale Landscape in a Densely Built-Up Asian Megacity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Dario Ambrosini & Giorgio Galli & Biagio Mancini & Iole Nardi & Stefano Sfarra, 2014. "Evaluating Mitigation Effects of Urban Heat Islands in a Historical Small Center with the ENVI-Met ® Climate Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(10), pages 1-17, October.
    3. Jou-Man Huang & Heui-Yung Chang & Yu-Su Wang, 2020. "Spatiotemporal Changes in the Built Environment Characteristics and Urban Heat Island Effect in a Medium-Sized City, Chiayi City, Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-16, January.
    4. Hong Jin & Zheming Liu & Yumeng Jin & Jian Kang & Jing Liu, 2017. "The Effects of Residential Area Building Layout on Outdoor Wind Environment at the Pedestrian Level in Severe Cold Regions of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-18, December.
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    1. Jaekyoung Kim & Sang Yeob Lee & Junsuk Kang, 2020. "Temperature Reduction Effects of Rooftop Garden Arrangements: A Case Study of Seoul National University," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Jinsil Park & Yeeun Shin & Suyeon Kim & Sang-Woo Lee & Kyungjin An, 2022. "Efficient Plant Types and Coverage Rates for Optimal Green Roof to Reduce Urban Heat Island Effect," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-17, February.
    3. Alireza Karimi & Pir Mohammad & Antonio García-Martínez & David Moreno-Rangel & Darya Gachkar & Sadaf Gachkar, 2023. "New developments and future challenges in reducing and controlling heat island effect in urban areas," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(10), pages 10485-10531, October.
    4. Gabriele Battista & Luca Evangelisti & Claudia Guattari & Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro & Roberto De Lieto Vollaro & Francesco Asdrubali, 2020. "Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategies: Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a University Campus in Rome (Italy)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-18, September.

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