Coupling Coordination Relationship and Driving Factors Between Common Prosperity and Tourism Development Levels in the Five Northwestern Provinces of China

Promoting the coordinated development of tourism and enhancing residents’ prosperity has become a critical issue in the contemporary era. This study examines five northwestern provinces in China, constructing an index system to measure the dynamic interplay between common prosperity and tourism development. A Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression (GTWR) model was employed to analyze the key driving factors influencing the coupling coordination between common prosperity and tourism development levels. The results revealed the following: (1) From 2012 to 2022, the level of common prosperity in the five northwestern provinces exhibited an upward trend, while tourism development levels initially increased and then declined. Shaanxi Province had the highest levels of both common prosperity and tourism development, whereas Qinghai Province had the lowest. (2) Although coupled coordination between common prosperity and tourism development has improved, it remains relatively low. Shaanxi Province exhibits superior coupling coordination compared to the other provinces. (3) The analysis of influencing factors indicates that the proportion of tourism income has the most significant impact on the coupling coordination between common prosperity and tourism development. Moreover, the degree and direction of the influence of various factors on coupling coordination differ across regions. Based on these findings, measures are proposed to enhance the coordinated development of tourism and common prosperity in the northwestern provinces.