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Multi-Scale Analysis of Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs/Synergies in the Yangtze River Delta

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  • Yongqi Chen

    (College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
    National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of China, Beijing 100085, China)

  • Wei Liu

    (College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China)

  • Fen Zhao

    (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China)

  • Qing Zhao

    (Shandong Institute of Territorial and Spatial Planning, Jinan 250014, China)

  • Zhiwei Xu

    (Shandong Institute of Territorial and Spatial Planning, Jinan 250014, China)

  • Michael Asiedu Kumi

    (State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

Abstract

The transformation of ecosystem structure leads to changes in ecosystem services (ESs) and their relationship. However, most research in this area has focused on particular scales and timeframes, often overlooking the significance of spatial and temporal variations. Therefore, we used the equivalent value method to evaluate seven typical ESs in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) between 2000 and 2020: food production (FP), water supply (WS), climate regulation (CR), environmental purification (EP), soil conservation (SC), biodiversity maintenance (BM), and aesthetic landscape (AL). We further employed the Spearman correlation coefficient and bivariate Moran’s I to evaluate the relationship of ESs and their spatial heterogeneity at grid, township, county and city scales. Our results show that (1) All ESs except AL exhibited a fluctuating upward trend from 2000 to 2020, resulting in a total increase in ecosystem service (ES) value of RMB 650.63 billion. (2) Approximately 70% of the ES pairs demonstrated a synergistic relationship, with the exception of FP and other ESs, which mainly showed a trade-off. (3) With the scale increased from grid to city level, the degree of trade-off between FP and other ESs strengthened at different levels, while the synergy degree of among other ESs gradually decreased. (4) The relationship between ESs demonstrated strong spatial heterogeneity, with FP and other ESs exhibiting trade-offs primarily in the northern and southern YRD, while other ES pairs exhibited mostly synergy in these regions. This study provides scientific information for governments to optimize land use distribution and improve ESs.

Suggested Citation

  • Yongqi Chen & Wei Liu & Fen Zhao & Qing Zhao & Zhiwei Xu & Michael Asiedu Kumi, 2024. "Multi-Scale Analysis of Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs/Synergies in the Yangtze River Delta," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:9:p:1462-:d:1474346
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhang, Biao & Li, Wenhua & Xie, Gaodi, 2010. "Ecosystem services research in China: Progress and perspective," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(7), pages 1389-1395, May.
    2. Armatas, Christopher A. & Campbell, Robert M. & Watson, Alan E. & Borrie, William T. & Christensen, Neal & Venn, Tyron J., 2018. "An integrated approach to valuation and tradeoff analysis of ecosystem services for national forest decision-making," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 33(PA), pages 1-18.
    3. Wu, Xutong & Wang, Shuai & Fu, Bojie & Liu, Yu & Zhu, Yuan, 2018. "Land use optimization based on ecosystem service assessment: A case study in the Yanhe watershed," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 303-312.
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    Cited by:

    1. Longjiang Zhang & Guoping Chen & Junsan Zhao & Yilin Lin & Haibo Yang & Jianhua He, 2025. "Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Scale Effects of Ecosystem Service Bundles in the Xijiang River Basin: Implications for Territorial Spatial Planning and Sustainable Land Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-23, February.

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