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Ecological Connectivity of Vicuña ( Vicugna vicugna ) in a Remote Area of Chile and Conservation Implications

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  • Cristina Mata

    (Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C. Darwin, 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
    Terrestrial Ecology Group-TEG, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C. Darwin, 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain)

  • Benito A. González

    (Laboratorio de Ecología de Vida Silvestre, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8330015, Chile)

  • Denise S. Donoso

    (Independent Researcher, Santiago 8301268, Chile)

  • Nicolás Fuentes-Allende

    (Fundación Sudamérica Diversa, Panguipulli 5210205, Chile
    INIA Ururi, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Arica 1001219, Chile)

  • Cristián F. Estades

    (Laboratorio de Ecología de Vida Silvestre, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8330015, Chile)

  • Juan E. Malo

    (Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C. Darwin, 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
    Terrestrial Ecology Group-TEG, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C. Darwin, 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Ecological connectivity is key for the long-term viability of species and is necessary when facing disturbance or global change, and geospatial analysis tools are key to exploring it with conservation aims. The vicuña is an ungulate endemic from South American highlands that faced extinction risk fifty years ago and is now slowly expanding and increasing in numbers. At present, it has a patchy distribution that may partially reflect connectivity limitations, an issue which can be key for its conservation under climate change. We developed a habitat suitability model using MaxEnt and location data of vicuñas in the Tarapacá region (Northern Chile), combined with spatial layers derived from remotely sensed imagery. We then used these results as the basis for a cost surface layer, and we examined habitat connectivity using least-cost and graph theory methods. Results showed the relevance for the species of habitat patches in the Southern part of the study area, out of protected areas, and the fact that ecological connectivity relies mainly on the intra-patch and flux components. These results should guide conservation actions for the species in the area and exemplify the relevance of remote sensing and geospatial models in the study of remote areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristina Mata & Benito A. González & Denise S. Donoso & Nicolás Fuentes-Allende & Cristián F. Estades & Juan E. Malo, 2024. "Ecological Connectivity of Vicuña ( Vicugna vicugna ) in a Remote Area of Chile and Conservation Implications," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:4:p:472-:d:1371314
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    References listed on IDEAS

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