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Spatiotemporal Changes and Driving Mechanisms of Ecosystem Service Supply–Demand Contradictions Under Urbanization

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  • Hengkang Zhao

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
    Zhengzhou Municipal People’s Government, Zhengzhou 450007, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Xinyu Zhang

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
    College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Wenqi Lu

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Chenlin Wei

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Dan He

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Yakai Lei

    (College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
    Henan Provincial Joint International Research Laboratory of Landscape Architecture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Klaudia Borowiak

    (Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94C, 60-649 Poznań, Poland)

Abstract

Clarifying the driving mechanisms of ecosystem service (ES) supply and demand under urbanization is of significant importance for urban ecological planning and management. However, how the balance of ES supply and demand and its driving mechanisms vary with the degree of urbanization has been little studied. In this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal changes and the correlations between ES supply and demand and the degree of urbanization in the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area (ZZMA) from 2000 to 2020 and further explored the driving mechanisms behind these changes. The results showed that, (1) between 2000 and 2020, the ZZMA experienced a deficit in comprehensive ES supply and demand, and regions with rapid urbanization development were more likely to trigger imbalances in ES supply and demand; (2) the spatial mismatch between low–high ES supply and demand was primarily distributed in the built-up areas of various cities, while the high–low spatial mismatch was mostly found in forest and grassland areas; (3) the comprehensive urbanization level of the ZZMA was spatially negatively correlated with the ratio of ES supply and demand. Regions with lower ES balance were more susceptible to disturbances caused by urbanization; (4) population density was the key factor influencing the supply and demand of carbon sequestration, oxygen release, water conservation, and food provision services, while the proportions of forest land and construction areas had the greatest influence on the supply and demand of air purification and leisure services. It is important to ensure the ecological status of the northwestern, southwestern, and central mountainous and forested areas; maintain the agricultural status of the main grain-producing areas in the eastern plains; strengthen ecological restoration and green infrastructure in built-up areas; and formulate differentiated management policies to promote the sustainable supply of ES and safeguard the ecological security of the region.

Suggested Citation

  • Hengkang Zhao & Xinyu Zhang & Wenqi Lu & Chenlin Wei & Dan He & Yakai Lei & Klaudia Borowiak, 2024. "Spatiotemporal Changes and Driving Mechanisms of Ecosystem Service Supply–Demand Contradictions Under Urbanization," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:11:p:1884-:d:1518557
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Larondelle, Neele & Lauf, Steffen, 2016. "Balancing demand and supply of multiple urban ecosystem services on different spatial scales," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 22(PA), pages 18-31.
    2. Zhang, Zimo & Peng, Jian & Xu, Zihan & Wang, Xiaoyu & Meersmans, Jeroen, 2021. "Ecosystem services supply and demand response to urbanization: A case study of the Pearl River Delta, China," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    3. Wei, Hejie & Liu, Huiming & Xu, Zihan & Ren, Jiahui & Lu, Nachuan & Fan, Weiguo & Zhang, Peng & Dong, Xiaobin, 2018. "Linking ecosystem services supply, social demand and human well-being in a typical mountain–oasis–desert area, Xinjiang, China," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 31(PA), pages 44-57.
    4. Xinyu Zhang & Huawei Li & Hua Xia & Guohang Tian & Yuxing Yin & Yakai Lei & Gunwoo Kim, 2021. "The Ecosystem Services Value Change and Its Driving Forces Responding to Spatio-Temporal Process of Landscape Pattern in the Co-Urbanized Area," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-21, October.
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