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Research on Vegetation Ecological Security in Arid Region Mountain Front River Valleys Based on Ecological Water Consumption and Water Demand

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  • Xiangshou Dong

    (Institute of Geography and Resources Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China
    Sustainable Development Research Center of Resource and Environment of Western Sichuan, Chengdu 610066, China)

  • Shihang Hu

    (Independent Researcher, Qinhuangdao 066000, China)

  • Quanzhi Yuan

    (Institute of Geography and Resources Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China
    Sustainable Development Research Center of Resource and Environment of Western Sichuan, Chengdu 610066, China)

  • Yaowen Kou

    (Institute of Geography and Resources Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China
    Sustainable Development Research Center of Resource and Environment of Western Sichuan, Chengdu 610066, China)

  • Shujun Li

    (Institute of Geography and Resources Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China
    Sustainable Development Research Center of Resource and Environment of Western Sichuan, Chengdu 610066, China)

  • Wei Deng

    (Institute of Geography and Resources Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China
    Sustainable Development Research Center of Resource and Environment of Western Sichuan, Chengdu 610066, China)

  • Ping Ren

    (Institute of Geography and Resources Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China
    Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China)

Abstract

The central region of the Eurasian continent is widely affected by arid conditions, but the valleys in front of the mountains nurture ecosystems consisting of forests, shrubs, and grasslands. Preserving the ecological balance in these arid valley areas is an essential aspect of water resource planning and management. This study utilizes calculations of vegetation’s ecological water consumption and water requirements to quantitatively simulate groundwater levels. These simulated levels are then compared with the threshold depth suitable for vegetation, ultimately leading to the development of an ecological security assessment method for valley areas. The results show the following: (1) During 30 years, the water demand of river valley vegetation increased slowly, and the overall stability is about 4.82 × 10 8 m 3 . Among them, the ecological water demand of grassland is the largest. The water demand from June to August is about 68% of the whole year. (2) The results indicate that over a period of 30 years, the groundwater levels in the valley area have shown a gradual decline. The rate of decline in groundwater levels is approximately twice as fast in areas farther away from the river compared to areas closer to the river. The decline in groundwater levels typically begins in May each year. During the period of valley flooding in June, there is a temporary rise in water levels, followed by a continued decline afterwards. (3) The study area has a significant proportion of groundwater suitable areas, accounting for approximately 65% on average annually. Over the course of 30 years, the area experiencing groundwater deficiency has increased from 31% to 37%. (4) Over the past 30 years, the ratio of annual vegetation water consumption to water demand in the river valley has been slowly decreasing, and the vegetation growth status has changed from good growth to normal growth. (5) In the past 30 years, the area of ecological quality areas has decreased significantly, and most of them have been transformed into general areas. The area of ecologically fragile areas is increasing, and the area of fencing protected areas is slowly declining.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiangshou Dong & Shihang Hu & Quanzhi Yuan & Yaowen Kou & Shujun Li & Wei Deng & Ping Ren, 2023. "Research on Vegetation Ecological Security in Arid Region Mountain Front River Valleys Based on Ecological Water Consumption and Water Demand," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-25, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:8:p:1642-:d:1221784
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shijin Wang & Yanqiang Wei, 2019. "Water resource system risk and adaptive management of the Chinese Heihe River Basin in Asian arid areas," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(7), pages 1271-1292, October.
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    4. Yujuan Su & Fengtian Yang & Yaoxuan Chen & Pan Zhang & Xue Zhang, 2021. "Optimization of Groundwater Exploitation in an Irrigation Area in the Arid Upper Peacock River, NW China: Implications for Sustainable Agriculture and Ecology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-20, August.
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