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Entrepreneurial Intentions in the Absence of Banking Services: The Case of the Lebanese in Crises

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  • Jeanne Laure Mawad

    (Department of Finance, Business School, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh 446, Lebanon)

  • Sibelle Freiha

    (Department of Finance, Business School, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh 446, Lebanon)

Abstract

This paper investigates the complex factors hindering entrepreneurial aspirations in Lebanon, focusing on the absence of a functional financial system and its impact on entrepreneurial intentions. Drawing on surveys conducted with 325 Lebanese participants across three generations, using ordinal regression, the research reveals crucial determinants of entrepreneurial intentions, emphasizing the roles of entrepreneurial attitude, the absence of banking sector services, optimism, risk propensity, and age. Positive attitudes and optimism correlate with stronger intentions; however, the weakened economic situation and lack of a functional financial system diminish this positive correlation. Demographic factors like gender and education do not significantly influence intentions. In addition, the study reveals differences in entrepreneurial intentions determinants across the three generations of X, Y, and Z. This study underscores the urgent need for financial system reforms in Lebanon to enhance stability while advocating for financial literacy programs and private sector initiatives to empower entrepreneurs and expand their businesses.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeanne Laure Mawad & Sibelle Freiha, 2024. "Entrepreneurial Intentions in the Absence of Banking Services: The Case of the Lebanese in Crises," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-22, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jjrfmx:v:17:y:2024:i:7:p:264-:d:1422926
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Stroe, Silvia & Parida, Vinit & Wincent, Joakim, 2018. "Effectuation or causation: An fsQCA analysis of entrepreneurial passion, risk perception, and self-efficacy," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 265-272.
    5. Rodrigues Margarida & Silva Rui & Franco Mário, 2023. "Entrepreneurial Attitude and Intention in Higher Education Students: What Factors Matter?," Entrepreneurship Research Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 13(2), pages 251-280, April.
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