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Combined Effect of Climate and Anthropopressure on River Water Quality

Author

Listed:
  • Kinga Wieczorek

    (Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Anna Turek

    (Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Wojciech M. Wolf

    (Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Łódź, Poland)

Abstract

This study was a continuation of our investigation of the spatio-temporal variability of the Bzura River’s water chemistry. Our research is of particular importance in the context of the recent ecological disaster on the Oder River and concerns the international problem of surface water contamination. The study area was a 120 km section of the Bzura River. We tested more measurement points and with a higher sampling frequency than those used in the national monitoring of river water quality. During two hydrological years, 360 water samples were collected. The selected parameters: electrical conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic carbon, nitrates, phosphates, bicarbonates, chlorides, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were determined. Numerous results exceeded the Polish threshold limits. Spatio-temporal variability and water quality were assessed using principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and water quality index (WQI) approaches. Many point sources of pollution related to urbanization, agriculture, and industry were detected. Moreover, due to the changing climatic conditions, a significant difference between temporal variability in both years was observed. Our results indicated that it is necessary to increase the number of measurement stations for surface water monitoring; it will allow for a faster detection of the threat.

Suggested Citation

  • Kinga Wieczorek & Anna Turek & Wojciech M. Wolf, 2023. "Combined Effect of Climate and Anthropopressure on River Water Quality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-27, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3032-:d:1062793
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nicole Durfee & Carlos G. Ochoa & Gerrad Jones, 2021. "Stream Temperature and Environment Relationships in a Semiarid Riparian Corridor," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-22, May.
    2. Rosa Francaviglia & Jorge Álvaro-Fuentes & Claudia Di Bene & Lingtong Gai & Kristiina Regina & Eila Turtola, 2019. "Diversified Arable Cropping Systems and Management Schemes in Selected European Regions Have Positive Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Content," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Izydorczyk, Katarzyna & Michalska-Hejduk, Dorota & Jarosiewicz, Paweł & Bydałek, Franciszek & Frątczak, Wojciech, 2018. "Extensive grasslands as an effective measure for nitrate and phosphate reduction from highly polluted subsurface flow – Case studies from Central Poland," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 240-250.
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