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Cooling Effect of Urban Blue and Green Spaces: A Case Study of Changsha, China

Author

Listed:
  • Xinyi Qiu

    (Department of Geographic Information Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan Nan Street, Changsha 410004, China)

  • Sung-Ho Kil

    (Department of Ecological Landscape Architecture Design, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-Dae-Hak-Gil 1, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea)

  • Hyun-Kil Jo

    (Department of Ecological Landscape Architecture Design, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-Dae-Hak-Gil 1, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea)

  • Chan Park

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul, Seoulsilipdaero 163, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea)

  • Wonkyong Song

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea)

  • Yun Eui Choi

    (Department of Ecological Landscape Architecture Design, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-Dae-Hak-Gil 1, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

The cooling effects of blue–green spaces on the urban heat island effect are complex and different. The purpose of this study is to simulate how the cooling effect of blue–green space changes with its size and shape. The cooling effects of 53 green patches and 28 water bodies in Changsha were extracted based on Landsat images. A surface fitting model was used to quantitatively reveal the relationship between the cooling effect of blue–green space and its size and shape. The results show that the cooling effects of blue–green spaces were enhanced with the increasing size, and then would become stable after a certain range (threshold). Certain thresholds were identified between the blue and green space areas (2.98 ha and 3.15 ha, respectively) and the cooling distance, and between the blue and green space areas (4.84 ha and 4.92 ha, respectively) and the cooling magnitude. In addition, the green space with an area of 9.08 ha and landscape shape index (LSI) of 2.97 could achieve a better cooling distance (413.46 m); and the blue space with an area of 29.4 ha and LSI of 1.75 could achieve a better cooling magnitude (5.17 °C). These findings provide useful guidelines for urban planning and improving urban livability in other regions with terrain and climate conditions similar to Changsha.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinyi Qiu & Sung-Ho Kil & Hyun-Kil Jo & Chan Park & Wonkyong Song & Yun Eui Choi, 2023. "Cooling Effect of Urban Blue and Green Spaces: A Case Study of Changsha, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2613-:d:1053480
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mireia Gascon & Margarita Triguero-Mas & David Martínez & Payam Dadvand & Joan Forns & Antoni Plasència & Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, 2015. "Mental Health Benefits of Long-Term Exposure to Residential Green and Blue Spaces: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-26, April.
    2. Patryk Antoszewski & Dariusz Świerk & Michał Krzyżaniak, 2020. "Statistical Review of Quality Parameters of Blue-Green Infrastructure Elements Important in Mitigating the Effect of the Urban Heat Island in the Temperate Climate (C) Zone," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-36, September.
    3. Lei Zhang & Tianqi Gu & Ji Zhao & Shijun Ji & Ming Hu & Xiangbo Li, 2013. "An Improved Moving Least Squares Method for Curve and Surface Fitting," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2013, pages 1-6, November.
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