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Path toward Sustainability in Wastewater Management in Brazil

Author

Listed:
  • Débora Cynamon Kligerman

    (Departamento de Saneamento e Saúde Ambiental (DSSA) (ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil)

  • Aline Stelling Zanatta

    (Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biomodelos (ICTB), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil)

  • Graziella de Araújo Toledo

    (Departamento de Saneamento e Saúde Ambiental (DSSA) (ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil)

  • Joseli Maria da Rocha Nogueira

    (Laboratório de Microbiologia do Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB) (ENSP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil)

Abstract

Developing countries have not carried out the adequate management of wastewater and are a long way off meeting the sustainability goal of universal access to safely managed sanitation services by 2030. This article discusses sustainability in wastewater management and conducts a narrative literature review to analyze four stages on the path toward sustainability: (1) the prevention of or reduction in pollution at the source; (2) wastewater collection and treatment; (3) using wastewater as an alternative source of water; and (4) the recovery of useful by-products. It also provides an overview of wastewater management in Brazil and shows the advantages of using wastewater to produce biofuel in a country in which 48.3% of energy production comes from renewable sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Débora Cynamon Kligerman & Aline Stelling Zanatta & Graziella de Araújo Toledo & Joseli Maria da Rocha Nogueira, 2023. "Path toward Sustainability in Wastewater Management in Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(16), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:16:p:6597-:d:1219823
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    3. Manzoor Qadir & Pay Drechsel & Blanca Jiménez Cisneros & Younggy Kim & Amit Pramanik & Praem Mehta & Oluwabusola Olaniyan, 2020. "Global and regional potential of wastewater as a water, nutrient and energy source," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 44(1), pages 40-51, February.
    4. Qadir, M. & Drechsel, Pay & Cisneros, B. J. & Kim, Y. & Pramanik, A. & Mehta, P. & Olaniyan, O., 2020. "Global and regional potential of wastewater as a water, nutrient and energy source," Papers published in Journals (Open Access), International Water Management Institute, pages 44(1):40-51.
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