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Work-Related Self-Efficacy and Illness Identity in Adults with Autism

Author

Listed:
  • Liron Lamash

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel)

  • Sonya Meyer

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel 4077603, Israel)

Abstract

Finding and retaining employment significantly challenges individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The employment rates of individuals with ASD are described as extremely low, barred by various environmental, occupational, and personal factors. Illness identity is how a person’s health condition integrates with their identity and daily life and relates to self-esteem, employment, and quality of life. Adults with ASD may experience challenges developing positive identities within social and work environments, but illness identity has not been studied among this population. This study examines the autism identity of adults with ASD and the relationships to their self-reported work-related self-efficacy and quality of life. Seventeen participants aged 19–47 years diagnosed with ASD completed the Illness Identity Questionnaire, Work-Related Self-Efficacy Scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment. Participants reported significantly higher autism acceptance feelings. Negative feelings about living with autism were significantly correlated to lower work-related self-efficacy. Higher levels of enrichment feelings were significantly associated with a higher quality of life. These findings highlight the effect of illness identity on the work-related self-efficacy and quality of life among individuals with ASD. Allied health professionals and educators can assist these individuals in raising their awareness of how they perceive their autism, and in promoting its positive perception.

Suggested Citation

  • Liron Lamash & Sonya Meyer, 2022. "Work-Related Self-Efficacy and Illness Identity in Adults with Autism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:122-:d:1011142
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liliana Dell’Osso & Rodolfo Buselli & Martina Corsi & Sigrid Baldanzi & Carlo Antonio Bertelloni & Riccardo Marino & Davide Gravina & Martina Chiumiento & Antonello Veltri & Gabriele Massimetti & Fabr, 2022. "Do Autistic Traits Correlate with Post-Traumatic Stress and Mood Spectrum Symptoms among Workers Complaining of Occupational Stress?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Timo Lorenz & Cora Frischling & Raphael Cuadros & Kathrin Heinitz, 2016. "Autism and Overcoming Job Barriers: Comparing Job-Related Barriers and Possible Solutions in and outside of Autism-Specific Employment," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
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