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Review of Novel Potential Insulin Resistance Biomarkers in PCOS Patients—The Debate Is Still Open

Author

Listed:
  • Jagoda Kruszewska

    (Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Hanna Laudy-Wiaderny

    (Independent Public Healthcare Complex in Masovian Minsk, 05-300 Masovian Minsk, Poland)

  • Michał Kunicki

    (Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
    INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, 00-019 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

Research on proteins and peptides that play roles in metabolic regulation, which may be considered potential insulin resistance markers in some medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), has recently gained in interest. PCOS is a common endocrine disorder associated with hyperandrogenemia and failure of ovulation, which is often accompanied by metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. In this review, we focus on less commonly known peptides/proteins and investigate their role as potential biomarkers for insulin resistance in females affected by PCOS. We summarize studies comparing the serum fasting concentration of particular agents in PCOS individuals and healthy controls. Based on our analysis, we propose that, in the majority of studies, the levels of nesfastin-1, myonectin, omentin, neudesin were decreased in PCOS patients, while the levels of the other considered agents (e.g., preptin, gremlin-1, neuregulin-4, xenopsin-related peptide, xenin-25, and galectin-3) were increased. However, there also exist studies presenting contrary results; in particular, most data existing for lipocalin-2 are inconsistent. Therefore, further research is required to confirm those hypotheses, as well as to elucidate the involvement of these factors in PCOS-related metabolic complications.

Suggested Citation

  • Jagoda Kruszewska & Hanna Laudy-Wiaderny & Michał Kunicki, 2022. "Review of Novel Potential Insulin Resistance Biomarkers in PCOS Patients—The Debate Is Still Open," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-25, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:4:p:2099-:d:748340
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shinsuke Oh-I & Hiroyuki Shimizu & Tetsurou Satoh & Shuichi Okada & Sachika Adachi & Kinji Inoue & Hiroshi Eguchi & Masanori Yamamoto & Toshihiro Imaki & Koushi Hashimoto & Takafumi Tsuchiya & Tsuyosh, 2006. "Identification of nesfatin-1 as a satiety molecule in the hypothalamus," Nature, Nature, vol. 443(7112), pages 709-712, October.
    2. Steven E. Kahn & Rebecca L. Hull & Kristina M. Utzschneider, 2006. "Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes," Nature, Nature, vol. 444(7121), pages 840-846, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fadi G. Mirza & Muna A. Tahlak & Rachelle Bou Rjeili & Komal Hazari & Farah Ennab & Charlie Hodgman & Amar Hassan Khamis & William Atiomo, 2022. "Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): Does the Challenge End at Conception?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-15, November.

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