IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i21p14430-d962853.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Developing Indicators of Age-Friendliness in Taiwanese Communities through a Modified Delphi Method

Author

Listed:
  • Jo-Ying Huang

    (School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
    These authors contributed equally to this paper.)

  • Hui-Chuan Hsu

    (School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
    Research Center of Health Equity, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
    These authors contributed equally to this paper.)

  • Yu-Ling Hsiao

    (Department of Nursing, Center of Geriatric Care Resource, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242062, Taiwan)

  • Feng-Yin Chen

    (School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan)

  • Shu-Ying Lo

    (Division of Community Health, Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 103205, Taiwan)

  • Tzu-Yun Chou

    (Division of Community Health, Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 103205, Taiwan)

  • Megan F. Liu

    (School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
    Research Center of Health Equity, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan)

Abstract

This study developed indicators of age-friendliness for communities in Taiwan that conform to international standards by referring to the World Health Organization Checklist of Essential Features of Age-Friendly Cities and Taiwan’s existing indicators. The first stage of the research was based on the WHO’s framework and involved a literature review to identify candidate indicators. In the second stage, experts’ opinions were collected through a modified Delphi method, and the indicators were screened and revised on the basis of their importance, community enforceability, and generality. The third stage focused on practical feasibility. External parties were invited to offer their opinions regarding the indicators, which were adjusted accordingly. After three rounds of review and re-examination based on the modified Delphi method, the final set of indicators comprised five core indicators and five optional indicators. These indicators can be used to monitor various aspects of communities and determine their age-friendliness.

Suggested Citation

  • Jo-Ying Huang & Hui-Chuan Hsu & Yu-Ling Hsiao & Feng-Yin Chen & Shu-Ying Lo & Tzu-Yun Chou & Megan F. Liu, 2022. "Developing Indicators of Age-Friendliness in Taiwanese Communities through a Modified Delphi Method," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:14430-:d:962853
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/21/14430/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/21/14430/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jeroen Dikken & Rudy F.M. van den Hoven & Willeke H. van Staalduinen & Loes M.T. Hulsebosch-Janssen & Joost van Hoof, 2020. "How Older People Experience the Age-Friendliness of Their City: Development of the Age-Friendly Cities and Communities Questionnaire," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-24, September.
    2. Jixiang Xu & Yingwei Chen & Yujie Wang & Junling Gao & Limei Huang, 2022. "Association between Age-Friendliness of Communities and Frailty among Older Adults: A Multilevel Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-11, June.
    3. Li-Ju Lin & Yu-Chang Hsu & Andrew E. Scharlach & Hsien-Wen Kuo, 2019. "Examining Stakeholder Perspectives: Process, Performance and Progress of the Age-Friendly Taiwan Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-9, February.
    4. Melanie Davern & Rachel Winterton & Kathleen Brasher & Geoff Woolcock, 2020. "How Can the Lived Environment Support Healthy Ageing? A Spatial Indicators Framework for the Assessment of Age-Friendly Communities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-20, October.
    5. Li-Chuan Liu & Hsien-Wen Kuo & Chiu-Chu Lin, 2018. "Current Status and Policy Planning for Promoting Age-Friendly Cities in Taitung County: Dialogue Between Older Adults and Service Providers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, October.
    6. Megumi Kano & Paul E. Rosenberg & Sean D. Dalton, 2018. "A Global Pilot Study of Age-Friendly City Indicators," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 138(3), pages 1205-1227, August.
    7. Hannah R. Marston & Kelly Niles-Yokum & Paula Alexandra Silva, 2021. "A Commentary on Blue Zones ® : A Critical Review of Age-Friendly Environments in the 21st Century and Beyond," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-33, January.
    8. Anna P. Nieboer & Jane M. Cramm, 2018. "Age-Friendly Communities Matter for Older People’s Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(8), pages 2405-2420, December.
    9. Moses Wong & Ruby Yu & Jean Woo, 2017. "Effects of Perceived Neighbourhood Environments on Self-Rated Health among Community-Dwelling Older Chinese," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-17, June.
    10. Anthony A. Sterns & Harvey L. Sterns & Ann Walter, 2020. "Prioritizing Age-Friendly Domains for Transforming a Mid-Sized American City," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-30, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chunmei Zhang & Jun Yang, 2023. "Evaluation of the Quality of the Age-Friendly Environment in Liaoning Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-13, November.
    2. Joost van Hoof & Hannah R. Marston, 2021. "Age-Friendly Cities and Communities: State of the Art and Future Perspectives," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-13, February.
    3. Ling Yang & Hsiao-Tung Chang & Jian Li & Xinyue Xu & Zhi Qiu & Xiaomin Jiang, 2023. "A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Friendliness of Urban Facilities for the Elderly in Taipei City and New Taipei City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Hui-Chuan Hsu, 2020. "Associations of City-Level Active Aging and Age Friendliness with Well-Being among Older Adults Aged 55 and Over in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-17, June.
    5. Kathy Black & Dylan J. Jester, 2020. "Examining Older Adults’ Perspectives on the Built Environment and Correlates of Healthy Aging in an American Age-Friendly Community," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-11, September.
    6. Zhenhua Zheng & Hong Chen & Liu Yang, 2019. "Transfer of Promotion Effects on Elderly Health with Age: From Physical Environment to Interpersonal Environment and Social Participation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-15, August.
    7. Tuochen Li & Siran Wang, 2021. "How to Improve the Public Trust of the Intelligent Aging Community: An Empirical Study Based on the ACSI Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-14, February.
    8. Zhong, Sinan & Lee, Chanam & Foster, Margaret J. & Bian, Jiahe, 2020. "Intergenerational communities: A systematic literature review of intergenerational interactions and older adults’ health-related outcomes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    9. Yu-Hsien Tseng & Yu-Ling Li & Shyuemeng Luu & Dih-Ling Luh, 2022. "Respect in the Eyes of Non-Urban Elders: Using Qualitative Interviews to Distinguish Community Elders’ Perspective of Respect in General and Healthcare Services," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-16, February.
    10. Jiawen Chen & Linlin Liu, 2020. "Eco-Efficiency and Private Firms’ Relationships with Heterogeneous Public Stakeholders in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-18, September.
    11. Kazumasa Yamada & Kenta Murotani & Makiko Mano & Youngmi Lim & Jun Yoshimatsu, 2023. "Age-Friendly Approach Is Necessary to Prevent Depopulation: Resident Architectural Designers and Constructors’ Evaluation of the Age-Friendliness of Japanese Municipalities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(17), pages 1-11, August.
    12. Ahuva Even-Zohar, 2022. "The “At Home†Program: Students Residing with Older Adults," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(1), pages 21582440221, March.
    13. Zhenhua Zheng & Hong Chen, 2021. "The Relationship among Community Environment, Behavior, Activity Ability, and Self-Rated Health of Older Adults: A Hierarchical and Multi-Dimensional Comparative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-12, July.
    14. Hsu-Chih Tai & I-Shiang Tzeng & Yen-Ching Liang & Hsiu-Hui Liao & Chun-Hsien Su & Woon-Man Kung, 2019. "Interventional Effects of Weight-Loss Policy in a Healthy City among Participants with Metabolic Syndrome," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-10, January.
    15. Karla Romero Starke & Janice Hegewald & Stefanie Schmauder & Pauline Kaboth & Lena Marie Uhlmann & David Reissig & Kristin Klaudia Kaufmann & Jürgen Wegge & Gesine Marquardt & Andreas Seidler, 2022. "Health and Care Dependency of Older Adults in Dresden, Germany: Results from the LAB60+ Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-18, September.
    16. Jean Woo, 2017. "How Can We Achieve Healthy Aging?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-2, December.
    17. Flaviana Rotaru & Andreea Matei & Sorana D. Bolboacă & Ariana Anamaria Cordoș & Adriana Elena Bulboacă & Călin Muntean, 2024. "Age-Inclusive Healthcare Sustainability: Romania’s Regulatory and Initiatives Landscape in the European Union Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-18, February.
    18. Jianbo Han & Edwin H. W. Chan & Esther H. K. Yung & Queena K. Qian & Patrick T. I. Lam, 2022. "A Policy Framework for Producing Age-Friendly Communities from the Perspective of Production of Space," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-23, February.
    19. Judy Blakey & Janet Clews, 2020. "Knowing, Being and Co-Constructing an Age-Friendly Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-27, December.
    20. Hao Zhu, 2022. "Spatial Matching and Policy-Planning Evaluation of Urban Elderly Care Facilities Based on Multi-Agent Simulation: Evidence from Shanghai, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-20, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:14430-:d:962853. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.