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Analysis of Variables That Influence the Walkability of School Environments Based on the Delphi Method

Author

Listed:
  • David Cerro-Herrero

    (Department of Didactic of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teacher Training, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Josué Prieto-Prieto

    (Department of Didactic of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, School of Education and Tourism, University of Salamanca, 05003 Ávila, Spain)

  • Mikel Vaquero-Solis

    (Department of Didactic of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano

    (Department of Didactic of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel

    (Department of Didactic of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teacher Training, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain)

Abstract

Walkability is determined the presence or absence of factors such as quality sidewalks, pedestrian crossings, traffic, etc. The ability to walk to the school environment may be one of the variables that promotes active commuting levels. The aim of this study was to examine the walkability of school environments using the Delphi method. This study used the Delphi method to measure the walkability. A total of 18 experts were selected. First, a list of variables was designed by the control group and sent three times to the experts. Later, the items were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively to test the consensus of the experts. The list of variables that influence walkability showed a good consensus among the experts at the end of the process. This list was formed by 48 items and organized in six factors: traffic and safety (eleven items), signage (eight items), sidewalk (ten items), transport consistency (five items), activity (five items), and finally, urban planning (nine items). The experts agreed on the need to analyze the environments of educational centers and measure the variables that affect walkability. This study has identified the most important barriers. In the future, a measurement instrument should be developed that allows centers to be compared with others in terms of their levels of walkability. Moreover, it might be a resource for more policies to be developed with the aim to promote active commuting to school.

Suggested Citation

  • David Cerro-Herrero & Josué Prieto-Prieto & Mikel Vaquero-Solis & Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano & Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel, 2022. "Analysis of Variables That Influence the Walkability of School Environments Based on the Delphi Method," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-11, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:14201-:d:958262
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Duarte Henriques-Neto & Miguel Peralta & Susana Garradas & Andreia Pelegrini & André Araújo Pinto & Pedro António Sánchez-Miguel & Adilson Marques, 2020. "Active Commuting and Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-15, April.
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    3. Mika R. Moran & Efrat Eizenberg & Pnina Plaut, 2017. "Getting to Know a Place: Built Environment Walkability and Children’s Spatial Representation of Their Home-School (h–s) Route," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-21, June.
    4. Khaled Shaaban & Khadija Abdur-Rouf, 2019. "Development, Validation, and Application of School Audit Tool (SAT): An Effective Instrument for Assessing Traffic Safety and Operation Around Schools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-19, November.
    5. M. J. Aranda-Balboa & F. J. Huertas-Delgado & M. Herrador-Colmenero & G. Cardon & P. Chillón, 2020. "Parental barriers to active transport to school: a systematic review," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 65(1), pages 87-98, January.
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