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Dietary Intake and Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels in US Military Veterans

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  • Stephanie D. Ansley

    (Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
    Consequences of Trauma Working Group, the Center for Community-Based and Applied Health Research, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA)

  • Jeffrey T. Howard

    (Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
    Consequences of Trauma Working Group, the Center for Community-Based and Applied Health Research, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA)

Abstract

Elevated inflammatory markers, such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), have been associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related diseases. However, limited studies have evaluated the potential association between dietary consumption and hs-CRP levels in a large, nationally representative sample, and fewer have investigated their role in ethnic and racial minority military populations. The goal of this study is to explore the relationship between dietary intake, health behaviors, and hs-CRP in individuals with prior military status and whether these associations differ by race/ethnicity. A complex, multistage, probability sample design was used from the National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) 2015–2018 waves. Our results indicate that previously deployed military service members had a higher prevalence of clinically elevated hs-CRP levels than civilians. Differences in hs-CRP among deployed veterans and civilians remained even after multivariable adjustment. Individuals classified as overweight and obese demonstrated clinically elevated hs-CRP levels compared with those with a normal body mass index (BMI). Dietary factors did not attenuate the association between changes in hs-CRP levels and veteran status. These findings suggest the need for further investigation into how military-specific stressors contribute to unfavorable health outcomes for the military population.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephanie D. Ansley & Jeffrey T. Howard, 2021. "Dietary Intake and Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels in US Military Veterans," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:403-:d:475904
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Peter Libby & Paul M Ridker & Göran K. Hansson, 2011. "Progress and challenges in translating the biology of atherosclerosis," Nature, Nature, vol. 473(7347), pages 317-325, May.
    2. Peterson, K. & Anderson, J. & Boundy, E. & Ferguson, L. & McCleery, E. & Waldrip, K., 2018. "Mortality disparities in racial/ethnic minority groups in the veterans health administration: An evidence review and Map," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 108(3), pages 1-11.
    3. Connor Sheehan & Robert Hummer & Brenda Moore & Kimberly Huyser & John Butler, 2015. "Duty, Honor, Country, Disparity: Race/Ethnic Differences in Health and Disability Among Male Veterans," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 34(6), pages 785-804, December.
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