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Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students

Author

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  • Anca Maria Pop

    (Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Tirgu Mures, Romania)

  • Raluca Coroș

    (Faculty of Dental Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Tirgu Mures, Romania)

  • Alexandra Mihaela Stoica

    (Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Tirgu Mures, Romania)

  • Monica Monea

    (Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Tirgu Mures, Romania)

Abstract

The presence of micronuclei in oral epithelial cells is considered a marker of genotoxicity, which can be identified using exfoliative cytology. The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxic damage through the evaluation of micronuclei in the oral mucosa of smokers and e-cigarette users compared to nonsmokers. We obtained smears from the buccal mucosa of 68 participants divided in 3 groups (smokers, e-cigarette users and nonsmokers), which were further processed with Papanicolaou stain. The frequencies of micronuclei and micronucleated cells were recorded and statistically analyzed at a level of significance of p < 0.05. The mean micronuclei values per 1000 cells were 3.6 ± 1.08 for smokers, 3.21 ± 1.12 for e-cigarette users and 1.95 ± 1.05 for nonsmokers. The mean values of micronucleated cells per 1000 cells were 2.48 ± 0.91 for smokers, 2.39 ± 1.07 for e-cigarette users and 1.4 ± 0.68 for nonsmokers. Smokers and e-cigarette users had significantly higher values of micronuclei and micronucleated cells compared to nonsmokers, but there were no significant differences between smokers and e-cigarette users. We concluded that the micronuclei count can be used as an early indicator for alterations of oral mucosa and exfoliative cytology represents an accessible tool which could be applied for mass screening.

Suggested Citation

  • Anca Maria Pop & Raluca Coroș & Alexandra Mihaela Stoica & Monica Monea, 2021. "Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:13246-:d:703586
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karolien Adriaens & Dinska Van Gucht & Paul Declerck & Frank Baeyens, 2014. "Effectiveness of the Electronic Cigarette: An Eight-Week Flemish Study with Six-Month Follow-up on Smoking Reduction, Craving and Experienced Benefits and Complaints," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-29, October.
    2. Silvio Abati & Chiara Bramati & Stefano Bondi & Alessandra Lissoni & Matteo Trimarchi, 2020. "Oral Cancer and Precancer: A Narrative Review on the Relevance of Early Diagnosis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Parham Azimi & Zahra Keshavarz & Marianne Lahaie Luna & Jose Guillermo Cedeno Laurent & Jose Vallarino & David C. Christiani & Joseph G. Allen, 2021. "An Unrecognized Hazard in E-Cigarette Vapor: Preliminary Quantification of Methylglyoxal Formation from Propylene Glycol in E-Cigarettes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-12, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anca Maria Pop & Raluca Coroș & Alexandra Mihaela Stoica & Monica Monea, 2022. "Reply to Takeshita, W.M.; Ribeiro, D.A. Comment on “Pop et al. Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among De," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-2, March.
    2. Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita & Daniel Araki Ribeiro, 2022. "Comment on Pop et al. Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students. Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-2, March.

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