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Contextual Determinants of General Household Hygiene Conditions in Rural Indonesia

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  • D. Daniel

    (Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
    Department of Health Behaviour, Environment, and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

Abstract

Household hygiene is critical to prevent pathogen transmission at the household level. Assessing household hygiene conditions and their determinants are needed to improve hygiene conditions, especially in rural and less developed areas where the housing conditions are relatively worse than they are in urban areas. This study used data from 278 household interviews and observations in rural areas in the district of East Sumba, province East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using statistical methods. In general, the household hygiene conditions in the study need to be improved. The main potential sources of pathogen transmission were from the surrounding environment, i.e., non-permanent floor and garbage, and personal hygiene, i.e., handwashing facilities with water and soap were only observed in the homes of four out of ten respondents. The presence of livestock roaming freely in the house’s yard was another source of contamination. Easy access to water and wealth significantly influenced the hygiene conditions. Implementing low-cost interventions, i.e., cleaning the house of garbage and animal feces and cleaning nails, should be the priority in immediate intervention, while providing easier access to water supply, especially during the dry season, could be a long-term intervention. This paper also argues that analyzing household hygiene conditions or practices should be complemented by analyzing contextual determinants of the hygiene conditions or practices, so that we can develop more precise intervention by considering the local or household context.

Suggested Citation

  • D. Daniel, 2021. "Contextual Determinants of General Household Hygiene Conditions in Rural Indonesia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11064-:d:661473
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Arianto A. Patunru, 2015. "Access to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation in Indonesia," Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 2(2), pages 234-244, May.
    2. D. Daniel & Josphine Gaicugi & Richard King & Sara J. Marks & Giuliana Ferrero, 2020. "Combining Sanitary Inspection and Water Quality Data in Western Uganda: Lessons Learned from a Field Trial of Original and Revised Sanitary Inspection Forms," Resources, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-16, December.
    3. D. Daniel & Arnt Diener & Jack van de Vossenberg & Madan Bhatta & Sara J. Marks, 2020. "Assessing Drinking Water Quality at the Point of Collection and within Household Storage Containers in the Hilly Rural Areas of Mid and Far-Western Nepal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Sri Irianti & Puguh Prasetyoputra, 2021. "Rural–Urban Disparities in Access to Improved Sanitation in Indonesia: A Decomposition Approach," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, July.
    5. Mitsuaki Hirai & Jay P. Graham & Kay D. Mattson & Andrea Kelsey & Supriya Mukherji & Aidan A. Cronin, 2016. "Exploring Determinants of Handwashing with Soap in Indonesia: A Quantitative Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. D. Daniel & S. Satriani & Sefriyani Lea Zudi & Anjana Ekka, 2022. "To What Extent Does Indigenous Local Knowledge Support the Social–Ecological System? A Case Study of the Ammatoa Community, Indonesia," Resources, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-16, November.

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