IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i1p306-d474224.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Poor Sleep during the First Peak of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Stefania Costi

    (Scientific Directorate, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
    Department of Medicine, Surgery, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy)

  • Sara Paltrinieri

    (Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy)

  • Barbara Bressi

    (Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
    Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy)

  • Stefania Fugazzaro

    (Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy)

  • Paolo Giorgi Rossi

    (Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy)

  • Elisa Mazzini

    (Medical Directorate, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy)

Abstract

The restrictions enacted during lockdown to limit the spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have led to changes in people’s lifestyle habits. In Italy, these restrictions have dramatically changed the way people work and spend their leisure time, also with repercussions on diet and physical activity. An anonymous survey was disseminated via websites and social media to a convenience sample of the Italian population during and immediately after the first lockdown (10 March–18 May 2020). Data collected on 1826 individuals show that lockdown might have worsened the quality of sleep of almost half of the participants in this cross-sectional study. This worsening was associated with a deterioration in crucial determinants of health, such as physical activity and diet (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.18–2.40 and OR 4.19; 95% CI 2.51–6.96, respectively), with symptoms of psychological distress, such as tension (OR 3.88; 95% CI 2.74–5.52) and loneliness (OR 3.27; 95% CI 2.23–4.79), and with the presence of financial problems (some OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.27–2.72; many OR 7.27; 95% CI 3.59–14.73). The multivariate regression analysis models confirmed these associations. This impact on sleep quality was seen especially among females, those with low education level, and those who experienced financial problems.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefania Costi & Sara Paltrinieri & Barbara Bressi & Stefania Fugazzaro & Paolo Giorgi Rossi & Elisa Mazzini, 2021. "Poor Sleep during the First Peak of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:1:p:306-:d:474224
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/1/306/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/1/306/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Raul Antunes & Roberta Frontini & Nuno Amaro & Rogério Salvador & Rui Matos & Pedro Morouço & Ricardo Rebelo-Gonçalves, 2020. "Exploring Lifestyle Habits, Physical Activity, Anxiety and Basic Psychological Needs in a Sample of Portuguese Adults during COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Carlos Suso-Ribera & Ramón Martín-Brufau, 2020. "How Much Support Is There for the Recommendations Made to the General Population during Confinement? A Study during the First Three Days of the COVID–19 Quarantine in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Robert Stanton & Quyen G. To & Saman Khalesi & Susan L. Williams & Stephanie J. Alley & Tanya L. Thwaite & Andrew S. Fenning & Corneel Vandelanotte, 2020. "Depression, Anxiety and Stress during COVID-19: Associations with Changes in Physical Activity, Sleep, Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Australian Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Xiuqiang Wang & Si Man Lei & Shenglong Le & Yanxiang Yang & Boyi Zhang & Wu Yao & Zan Gao & Sulin Cheng, 2020. "Bidirectional Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns on Health Behaviors and Quality of Life among Chinese Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-17, August.
    5. Chen Zheng & Wendy Yajun Huang & Sinead Sheridan & Cindy Hui-Ping Sit & Xiang-Ke Chen & Stephen Heung-Sang Wong, 2020. "COVID-19 Pandemic Brings a Sedentary Lifestyle in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-11, August.
    6. Athanasia Trakada & Pantelis T. Nikolaidis & Marilia dos Santos Andrade & Paulo José Puccinelli & Nicholas-Tiberio Economou & Paschalis Steiropoulos & Beat Knechtle & Georgia Trakada, 2020. "Sleep During “Lockdown” in the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-10, December.
    7. Raffaella Cancello & Davide Soranna & Gaia Zambra & Antonella Zambon & Cecilia Invitti, 2020. "Determinants of the Lifestyle Changes during COVID-19 Pandemic in the Residents of Northern Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-14, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Giuseppina Elena Cipriani & Massimo Bartoli & Martina Amanzio, 2021. "Are Sleep Problems Related to Psychological Distress in Healthy Aging during the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Sara Paltrinieri & Barbara Bressi & Elisa Mazzini & Stefania Fugazzaro & Ermanno Rondini & Paolo Giorgi Rossi & Stefania Costi, 2023. "Activities Carried Out during the First COVID-19 Lockdown by Italian Citizens," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Aureliusz Andrzej Kosendiak & Michał Piotr Wysocki & Paweł Piotr Krysiński, 2022. "Lifestyle, Physical Activity and Dietary Habits of Medical Students of Wroclaw Medical University during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-17, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Anna Mulasso & Margherita Micheletti Cremasco & Simone Cuomo & Andrea Testa & Lynda Stella Lattke & Aurelia De Lorenzo & Alberto Rainoldi & Emanuela Rabaglietti, 2023. "“Stay at Home” during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in an Italian Academic Community," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Chiara Ceolin & Federica Limongi & Paola Siviero & Caterina Trevisan & Marianna Noale & Filippo Catalani & Silvia Conti & Elisa Di Rosa & Elena Perdixi & Francesca Remelli & Federica Prinelli & Stefan, 2024. "Changes in Sleep Duration and Sleep Timing in the General Population from before to during the First COVID-19 Lockdown: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(5), pages 1-45, May.
    3. Rebecca M. Meiring & Silmara Gusso & Eloise McCullough & Lynley Bradnam, 2021. "The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic Movement Restrictions on Self-Reported Physical Activity and Health in New Zealand: A Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-11, February.
    4. Raquel Lara & Martha Fernández-Daza & Sara Zabarain-Cogollo & María Angustias Olivencia-Carrión & Manuel Jiménez-Torres & María Demelza Olivencia-Carrión & Adelaida Ogallar-Blanco & Débora Godoy-Izqui, 2021. "Active Coping and Anxiety Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spanish Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-17, August.
    5. Victoria Blom & Amanda Lönn & Björn Ekblom & Lena V. Kallings & Daniel Väisänen & Erik Hemmingsson & Gunnar Andersson & Peter Wallin & Andreas Stenling & Örjan Ekblom & Magnus Lindwall & Jane Salier E, 2021. "Lifestyle Habits and Mental Health in Light of the Two COVID-19 Pandemic Waves in Sweden, 2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-19, March.
    6. Verónica Violant-Holz & M. Gloria Gallego-Jiménez & Carina S. González-González & Sarah Muñoz-Violant & Manuel José Rodríguez & Oriol Sansano-Nadal & Myriam Guerra-Balic, 2020. "Psychological Health and Physical Activity Levels during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-19, December.
    7. Deborah J. Bowen & Kelly E. Rentscher & Amy Wu & Gwen Darien & Helen Ghirmai Haile & Jeanne Mandelblatt & Marion Kavanaugh-Lynch, 2021. "Learning from and Leveraging Multi-Level Changes in Responses to the COVID 19 Pandemic to Facilitate Breast Cancer Prevention Efforts," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-12, June.
    8. Teresa Rubio-Tomás & Maria Skouroliakou & Dimitrios Ntountaniotis, 2022. "Lockdown Due to COVID-19 and Its Consequences on Diet, Physical Activity, Lifestyle, and Other Aspects of Daily Life Worldwide: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-41, June.
    9. Mario Mauro & Alessia Grigoletto & Maria Cristina Zambon & Marzia Bettocchi & Francesco Pegreffi & Carmela Fimognari & Laura Bragonzoni & Pasqualino Maietta Latessa & Stefania Toselli, 2022. "The Evaluation of Physical Activity Habits in North Italian People before and during COVID-19 Quarantine: A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-16, January.
    10. Argyrios Eleftherios Barbouzas & Foteini Malli & Zoe Daniil & Konstantinos Gourgoulianis, 2022. "Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Sleep Quality and Lifestyle in Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-16, September.
    11. Coralie Dumoulin & Nathalie Havet & Jean-Yves Lesueur, 2022. "Analyzing the Difficulties of Continuing Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Crisis in France," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-14, March.
    12. Esther García-Esquinas & Rosario Ortolá & Iago Gine-Vázquez & José A. Carnicero & Asier Mañas & Elvira Lara & Alejandro Alvarez-Bustos & German Vicente-Rodriguez & Mercedes Sotos-Prieto & Beatriz Olay, 2021. "Changes in Health Behaviors, Mental and Physical Health among Older Adults under Severe Lockdown Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-25, July.
    13. Teresa Paiva & Cátia Reis & Amélia Feliciano & Hugo Canas-Simião & Maria Augusta Machado & Tânia Gaspar & Gina Tomé & Cátia Branquinho & Maria Raquel Silva & Lúcia Ramiro & Susana Gaspar & Carla Bente, 2021. "Sleep and Awakening Quality during COVID-19 Confinement: Complexity and Relevance for Health and Behavior," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-17, March.
    14. Adam Runacres & Kelly A. Mackintosh & Rachel L. Knight & Liba Sheeran & Rhys Thatcher & James Shelley & Melitta A. McNarry, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sedentary Time and Behaviour in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-26, October.
    15. Samuel Domínguez-Amarillo & Jesica Fernández-Agüera & Sonia Cesteros-García & Roberto Alonso González-Lezcano, 2020. "Bad Air Can Also Kill: Residential Indoor Air Quality and Pollutant Exposure Risk during the COVID-19 Crisis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-33, September.
    16. Zvjezdana Gvozdanović & Nikolina Farčić & Hrvoje Šimić & Vikica Buljanović & Lea Gvozdanović & Sven Katalinić & Stana Pačarić & Domagoj Gvozdanović & Željka Dujmić & Blaženka Miškić & Ivana Barać & Na, 2021. "The Impact of Education, COVID-19 and Risk Factors on the Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-14, February.
    17. Chen Liao & Liying Nong & Yu-Feng Wu & Yu-Tai Wu & Jian-Hong Ye, 2023. "The Relationships between University Students’ Physical Activity Needs, Involvement, Flow Experience and Sustainable Well-Being in the Post-Pandemic Era," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, May.
    18. Massimiliano Scopelliti & Maria Giuseppina Pacilli & Antonio Aquino, 2021. "TV News and COVID-19: Media Influence on Healthy Behavior in Public Spaces," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-15, February.
    19. Yuta Suzuki & Noriaki Maeda & Daigo Hirado & Taizan Shirakawa & Yukio Urabe, 2020. "Physical Activity Changes and Its Risk Factors among Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults during the COVID-19 Epidemic: Associations with Subjective Well-Being and Health-Related Quality of Life," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-12, September.
    20. Theresa Maertl & Freia De Bock & Lena Huebl & Cornelia Oberhauser & Michaela Coenen & Caroline Jung-Sievers & on behalf of the COSMO Study Team, 2021. "Physical Activity during COVID-19 in German Adults: Analyses in the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring Study (COSMO)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-16, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:1:p:306-:d:474224. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.