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Importance of the Working Environment for Early Retirement: Prospective Cohort Study with Register Follow-Up

Author

Listed:
  • Emil Sundstrup

    (National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Sannie V. Thorsen

    (National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Reiner Rugulies

    (National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
    Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
    Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Mona Larsen

    (The Danish Center for Social Science Research, 1052 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Kristina Thomassen

    (National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

  • Lars L. Andersen

    (National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark)

Abstract

Background: This study investigates the role of physical work demands and psychosocial work factors for early retirement among older workers. Methods: Data from three Danish surveys on work environment and health among employed older workers (age 55–59) were merged with a national register containing information on labour market participation. Robust Poisson regression modelled the risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between physical and psychosocial work factors and early retirement, that is, not working after the age of 64. Results: Of the 2800 workers, 53% retired early. High physical work demands (RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.19–1.48), poor overall psychosocial working conditions (RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.26–1.61), and access to early retirement benefits (RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.53–2.10) predicted early retirement. Subgroup analyses revealed that poor overall psychosocial working conditions were a stronger predictor for early retirement among workers with seated jobs than those with physically active jobs. Conclusions: High physical work demands and poor psychosocial working conditions are factors that can push older workers out of the labour market prematurely. Poor psychosocial working conditions seem to be a particularly strong push factor among workers with seated work.

Suggested Citation

  • Emil Sundstrup & Sannie V. Thorsen & Reiner Rugulies & Mona Larsen & Kristina Thomassen & Lars L. Andersen, 2021. "Importance of the Working Environment for Early Retirement: Prospective Cohort Study with Register Follow-Up," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9817-:d:637981
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Per H Jensen, 2005. "Reversing the Trend from “Early” to “Late” Exit: Push, Pull and Jump Revisited in a Danish Context," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 30(4), pages 656-673, October.
    2. Peter Browne & Ewan Carr & Maria Fleischmann & Baowen Xue & Stephen A. Stansfeld, 2019. "The relationship between workplace psychosocial environment and retirement intentions and actual retirement: a systematic review," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 73-82, March.
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    1. Karina Undem & Taina Leinonen & Petter Kristensen & Suzanne L. Merkus & Rachel L. Hasting & Jon Michael Gran & Ingrid S. Mehlum, 2022. "Gender Differences in Associations between Biomechanical and Psychosocial Work Exposures and Age of Withdrawal from Paid Employment among Older Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-14, August.

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