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Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on People with Pre-Existing Chronic Disease

Author

Listed:
  • Michael Owusu Budu

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
    Community Health Research Team, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada)

  • Emily J. Rugel

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
    Westmead Applied Research Centre (WARC), The University of Sydney, 2145 Sydney, Australia)

  • Rochelle Nocos

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
    Community Health Research Team, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada)

  • Koon Teo

    (Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada)

  • Sumathy Rangarajan

    (Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada)

  • Scott A. Lear

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
    Community Health Research Team, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in anxiety and depression levels across broad populations. While anyone can be infected by the virus, the presence of certain chronic diseases has been shown to exacerbate the severity of the infection. There is a likelihood that knowledge of this information may lead to negative psychological impacts among people with chronic illness. We hypothesized that the pandemic has resulted in increased levels of anxiety and depression symptoms among people with chronic illness. We recruited 540 participants from the ongoing Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study in British Columbia, Canada. Participants were asked to fill out an online survey that included the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) to assess anxiety and depression symptoms. We tested our hypothesis using bivariate and multivariable linear regression models. Out of 540 participants, 15% showed symptoms of anxiety and 17% reported symptoms of depression. We found no significant associations between having a pre-existing chronic illness and reporting higher levels of anxiety or depression symptoms during COVID-19. Our results do not support the hypothesis that having a chronic illness is associated with greater anxiety or depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results were similar to one study but in contrast with other studies that found a positive association between the presence of chronic illness and developing anxiety or depression during this pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Owusu Budu & Emily J. Rugel & Rochelle Nocos & Koon Teo & Sumathy Rangarajan & Scott A. Lear, 2021. "Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on People with Pre-Existing Chronic Disease," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:5972-:d:567621
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elizabeth A. K. Jones & Amal K. Mitra & Azad R. Bhuiyan, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health in Adolescents: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-9, March.
    2. Finiki Nearchou & Clodagh Flinn & Rachel Niland & Sheena Siva Subramaniam & Eilis Hennessy, 2020. "Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-19, November.
    3. Selçuk Özdin & Şükriye Bayrak Özdin, 2020. "Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 66(5), pages 504-511, August.
    4. Maria Rosaria Gualano & Giuseppina Lo Moro & Gianluca Voglino & Fabrizio Bert & Roberta Siliquini, 2020. "Effects of Covid-19 Lockdown on Mental Health and Sleep Disturbances in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-13, July.
    5. Cristina Mazza & Eleonora Ricci & Silvia Biondi & Marco Colasanti & Stefano Ferracuti & Christian Napoli & Paolo Roma, 2020. "A Nationwide Survey of Psychological Distress among Italian People during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-14, May.
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