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Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part II): Interventionism and Medicalization during Birth

Author

Listed:
  • Desirée Mena-Tudela

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • Susana Iglesias-Casás

    (Department of Obstetrics, Hospital do Salnés, Villgarcía de Aurousa, 36619 Pontevedra, Spain)

  • Víctor Manuel González-Chordá

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • Águeda Cervera-Gasch

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • Laura Andreu-Pejó

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • María Jesús Valero-Chilleron

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

Abstract

Background: obstetric violence can partially be represented by the high number of interventions and medicalization rates during the birthing process. The objective of the present study was to determine the interventionism and medicalization levels during childbirth in Spain. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2018 and June 2019. Results: the intervention percentages were 34.2% for Kristeller maneuver and 39.3% for episiotomy. Differences appeared in public, private, and mixed healthcare settings ( p < 0.001). The mean satisfaction, with healthcare in the different settings, was estimated at 6.88 points (SD ± 2.146) in public healthcare, 4.76 points (SD ± 3.968) in private healthcare, and 8.03 points (SD ± 1.930) in mixed healthcare ( p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in Spanish autonomous communities. Conclusions: births in Spain seem to be highly intervened. In this study, a certain equity criterion was found concerning interventionism during childbirth in Spain. Healthcare influenced female intervention, satisfaction, and perception levels for obstetric violence; this evidences that female empowerment plays an important role.

Suggested Citation

  • Desirée Mena-Tudela & Susana Iglesias-Casás & Víctor Manuel González-Chordá & Águeda Cervera-Gasch & Laura Andreu-Pejó & María Jesús Valero-Chilleron, 2020. "Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part II): Interventionism and Medicalization during Birth," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2020:i:1:p:199-:d:470058
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rafael Vila-Candel & Anna Martín & Ramón Escuriet & Enrique Castro-Sánchez & Francisco Javier Soriano-Vidal, 2020. "Analysis of Caesarean Section Rates Using the Robson Classification System at a University Hospital in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-12, February.
    2. Meghan A Bohren & Joshua P Vogel & Erin C Hunter & Olha Lutsiv & Suprita K Makh & João Paulo Souza & Carolina Aguiar & Fernando Saraiva Coneglian & Alex Luíz Araújo Diniz & Özge Tunçalp & Dena Javadi , 2015. "The Mistreatment of Women during Childbirth in Health Facilities Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-32, June.
    3. Desirée Mena-Tudela & Agueda Cervera-Gasch & María José Alemany-Anchel & Laura Andreu-Pejó & Víctor Manuel González-Chordá, 2020. "Design and Validation of the PercOV-S Questionnaire for Measuring Perceived Obstetric Violence in Nursing, Midwifery and Medical Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, October.
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