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Design and Validation of the PercOV-S Questionnaire for Measuring Perceived Obstetric Violence in Nursing, Midwifery and Medical Students

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  • Desirée Mena-Tudela

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • Agueda Cervera-Gasch

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • María José Alemany-Anchel

    (Midwives’ Teaching Unit of the Comunitat Valenciana, 46017 Valencia, Spain)

  • Laura Andreu-Pejó

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • Víctor Manuel González-Chordá

    (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

Abstract

Background: Obstetric violence could be defined as the dehumanized treatment or abuse of health professionals towards the body or reproductive process of women. Some practices associated with obstetric violence have been routinely standardized and do not include the woman in decision making. This type of violence has consequences for the health of both the mother and the baby and that of the professionals who practice or observed it. Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 33 items that measured perception through a Likert scale was developed. Some sociodemographic variables were collected. The instrument was applied to a sample of nursing, medicine and midwifery students to determine its psychometric properties. Results: The final sample consisted of 153 students. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin ( p = 0.918) and Barlett tests ( p ≤ 0.001) allowed for factor analysis, which explained 54.47% of the variance in two factors called protocolized-visible obstetric violence and non-protocolized-invisible obstetric violence. Conclusions: The PercOV-S (Perception of Obstetric Violence in Students) instrument was validated. The distribution and content of the two factors are closely related to obstetric violence against women. The existence of statistically significant relationships between the sociodemographic variables collected and the global measurements, domains and items of the PercOV-S scale highlight the normalization of obstetric violence as a central factor for future studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Desirée Mena-Tudela & Agueda Cervera-Gasch & María José Alemany-Anchel & Laura Andreu-Pejó & Víctor Manuel González-Chordá, 2020. "Design and Validation of the PercOV-S Questionnaire for Measuring Perceived Obstetric Violence in Nursing, Midwifery and Medical Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:8022-:d:437984
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fortuna Procentese & Immacolata Di Napoli & Filomena Tuccillo & Alessandra Chiurazzi & Caterina Arcidiacono, 2019. "Healthcare Professionals’ Perceptions and Concerns towards Domestic Violence during Pregnancy in Southern Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Bradley, Susan & McCourt, Christine & Rayment, Juliet & Parmar, Divya, 2016. "Disrespectful intrapartum care during facility-based delivery in sub-Saharan Africa: A qualitative systematic review and thematic synthesis of women's perceptions and experiences," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 157-170.
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    1. Desirée Mena-Tudela & Susana Iglesias-Casás & Víctor Manuel González-Chordá & Águeda Cervera-Gasch & Laura Andreu-Pejó & María Jesús Valero-Chilleron, 2020. "Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part II): Interventionism and Medicalization during Birth," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-13, December.

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