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Nitrogen Removal from Domestic Wastewater and the Development of Tropical Ornamental Plants in Partially Saturated Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetlands

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  • Carlos Nakase

    (Division of Research, Postgraduate Studies and Innovation, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Misantla, Misantla, Veracruz C.P. 93821, Mexico)

  • Florentina Zurita

    (Quality Environmental Laboratory, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlán, Jalisco C.P. 47820, Mexico)

  • Graciela Nani

    (Department of Engineering in Business Management, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Misantla, Misantla, Veracruz C.P. 93821, Mexico)

  • Guillermo Reyes

    (Master of Engineering in Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de San Andrés Tuxtla, San Andrés Tuxtla, Veracruz C.P. 95804 Mexico)

  • Gregorio Fernández-Lambert

    (Division of Research, Postgraduate Studies and Innovation, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Misantla, Misantla, Veracruz C.P. 93821, Mexico)

  • Arturo Cabrera-Hernández

    (Division of Research, Postgraduate Studies and Innovation, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Misantla, Misantla, Veracruz C.P. 93821, Mexico)

  • Luis Sandoval

    (Division of Research, Postgraduate Studies and Innovation, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Misantla, Misantla, Veracruz C.P. 93821, Mexico
    Master of Engineering in Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico Superior de San Andrés Tuxtla, San Andrés Tuxtla, Veracruz C.P. 95804 Mexico)

Abstract

Vertical partially saturated (VPS) constructed wetlands (CWs) are a novel wastewater treatment system for which little information is known about its design parameters and performance under tropical climates. The objective of this study is to evaluate the nitrogen removal process from domestic wastewater and the production of tropical ornamental plants ( Canna hybrids and Zantedeschia aethiopica ) in VPS CWs at a mesocosms scale. Nine VPS CWs, with a free-flow zone of 16 cm and a saturated zone of 16 cm, were used as experimental units. Three units were planted with Canna hybrids., and three, with Zantedeschia aethiopica (one plant per unit); the remaining three units were established as controls without vegetation. They were fed with domestic wastewater intermittently and evaluated for the elimination of COD, N-NH 4 , N-NO 3 , Norg, NT, and PT. The results showed an increase in the removal for some pollutants in the vegetated systems, i.e., N-NH 4 (35%), Norg (16%), TN (25%), and TP (47%) in comparison to the unvegetated systems. While N-NO 3 removal showed better removal in 10% of the systems without vegetation, no significant differences were found ( p > 0.05) for COD removal. The aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the VPS CWs favor the elimination of pollutants in the systems, and also the development of the tropical species evaluated in this study; good development was exhibited by a high growth rate and biomass production.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Nakase & Florentina Zurita & Graciela Nani & Guillermo Reyes & Gregorio Fernández-Lambert & Arturo Cabrera-Hernández & Luis Sandoval, 2019. "Nitrogen Removal from Domestic Wastewater and the Development of Tropical Ornamental Plants in Partially Saturated Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetlands," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:23:p:4800-:d:292338
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Avellán, Tamara & Gremillion, Paul, 2019. "Constructed wetlands for resource recovery in developing countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 42-57.
    2. Sergio A. Zamora-Castro & José Luis Marín-Muñiz & Luis Sandoval & Monserrat Vidal-Álvarez & Juan Manuel Carrión-Delgado, 2019. "Effect of Ornamental Plants, Seasonality, and Filter Media Material in Fill-and-Drain Constructed Wetlands Treating Rural Community Wastewater," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-14, April.
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