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The Association between Social Support Sources and Cognitive Function among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A One-Year Prospective Study

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  • Taiji Noguchi

    (Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
    Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi 467-8601, Japan)

  • Ippei Nojima

    (Department of Health Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School, Nagano 390-8621, Japan)

  • Tomoe Inoue-Hirakawa

    (Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Aichi 461-8673, Japan)

  • Hideshi Sugiura

    (Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Aichi 461-8673, Japan)

Abstract

There is evidence that social relationships may modify cognitive decline in older people. We examined the prospective association between social support and cognitive function among community-dwelling older people. Japanese adults recruited at health checkups in suburban towns were surveyed at baseline and one-year follow-up. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Japanese version (MoCA-J). Social support from coresiding family, non-coresiding family, and neighbors/friends was assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of social support on MoCA-J scores at follow-up. Data were analyzed from 121 older people (mean age (standard deviation): 73.86 (4.95) years). There was a positive association between social support exchanges with neighbors and friends and MoCA-J scores at follow-up after covariate adjustment (unstandardized β = 1.23, p = 0.006). Social support exchanges with coresiding family and non-coresiding family and relatives were not associated with MoCA-J scores at follow-up (coresiding family: Unstandardized β = 0.28, p = 0.813, non-coresiding family and relatives: Unstandardized β = 0.51, p = 0.238). The provision of emotional support to neighbors and friends had the largest effect on MoCA-J scores. Our findings suggest that social support exchanges with neighbors and friends are protective against cognitive decline.

Suggested Citation

  • Taiji Noguchi & Ippei Nojima & Tomoe Inoue-Hirakawa & Hideshi Sugiura, 2019. "The Association between Social Support Sources and Cognitive Function among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A One-Year Prospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-9, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:21:p:4228-:d:282043
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    1. Chiyoe Murata & Tami Saito & Taishi Tsuji & Masashige Saito & Katsunori Kondo, 2017. "A 10-Year Follow-Up Study of Social Ties and Functional Health among the Old: The AGES Project," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-9, July.
    2. Joseph Winchester Brown & Jersey Liang & Neal Krause & Hiroko Akiyama & Hidehiro Sugisawa & Taro Fukaya, 2002. "Transitions in Living Arrangements Among Elders in Japan," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 57(4), pages 209-220.
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    5. Ronald E. Holtzman & George W. Rebok & Jane S. Saczynski & Anthony C. Kouzis & Kathryn Wilcox Doyle & William W. Eaton, 2004. "Social Network Characteristics and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 59(6), pages 278-284.
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