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Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Aboriginal Children Admitted to a Tertiary Paediatric Hospital

Author

Listed:
  • Rebecca Singer

    (School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2033, Australia)

  • Karen Zwi

    (School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2033, Australia
    Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Sydney 2031, Australia)

  • Robert Menzies

    (School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2033, Australia)

Abstract

Background: Aboriginal Australian children have higher rates of mortality at younger ages than non-Aboriginal Australian children. We aimed to (i) calculate the case fatality rate (CFR) for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children admitted to children’s hospitals in New South Wales (NSW) and (ii) identify predictors of CFR. Methods: We used a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of data from electronic medical records for in-patient admissions to the Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network (SCHN) over five years (2011–2015). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of mortality and excess deaths in Aboriginal children were calculated. Results: There were 241,823 presentations over the 5-year period. The CFR for Aboriginal children was double that of non-Aboriginal children (0.4% vs. 0.2%, p = 0.002), with Aboriginal children under 2 years and from remote and regional Australia at highest risk of excess mortality. Predictors of death for all children in order of significance were: Circulatory disorders (Odds Ratio (OR) 17.16, p < 0.001), neoplasm/blood/immune disorders (OR 2.77, p < 0.001), emergency admissions (OR 1.94, p < 0.001), aboriginality (OR 1.73, p = 0.005) and longer length of stay (OR 1.012; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our data show that Aboriginal children are almost twice as likely to die than non-Aboriginal children. In particular, excess deaths in Aboriginal children are most commonly from outer regional and remote areas and children aged under 2 years with perinatal or circulatory conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Rebecca Singer & Karen Zwi & Robert Menzies, 2019. "Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Aboriginal Children Admitted to a Tertiary Paediatric Hospital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:11:p:1893-:d:235206
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shepherd, Carrington C.J. & Li, Jianghong & Cooper, Matthew N. & Hopkins, Katrina D. & Farrant, Brad M., 2017. "The impact of racial discrimination on the health of Australian Indigenous children aged 5-10 years: analysis of national longitudinal data," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 16, pages 1-1.
    2. Wong, C.A. & Gachupin, F.C. & Holman, R.C. & MacDorman, M.F. & Cheek, J.E. & Holve, S. & Singleton, R.J., 2014. "American Indian and Alaska Native infant and pediatric mortality, United States, 1999-2009," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(S3), pages 320-328.
    3. Louise Sealy & Karen Zwi & Gordon McDonald & Aldo Saavedra & Lisa Crawford & Hasantha Gunasekera, 2019. "Predictors of Discharge Against Medical Advice in a Tertiary Paediatric Hospital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-11, April.
    4. Yin Paradies, 2016. "Colonisation, racism and indigenous health," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 33(1), pages 83-96, March.
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    6. Wong, C.A. & Gachupin, F.C. & Holman, R.C. & Macdorman, M.F. & Cheek, J.E. & Holve, S. & Singleton, R.J., 2014. "American Indian and Alaska native infant and pediatric mortality, United States, 1999-2009," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104, pages 320-328.
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