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The Association between Potential Exposure to Magazine Ads with Voluntary Health Warnings and the Perceived Harmfulness of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS)

Author

Listed:
  • Ce Shang

    (Health Policy Center, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA)

  • Scott R. Weaver

    (School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 300303, USA)

  • Nahleen Zahra

    (Department of Economics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA)

  • Jidong Huang

    (School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 300303, USA)

  • Kai-Wen Cheng

    (Health Policy Center, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA)

  • Frank J. Chaloupka

    (Health Policy Center, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA
    Department of Economics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA
    Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA)

Abstract

(1) Background: Several brands of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) carry voluntary health warning messages. This study examined how potential exposure to ENDS magazine ads with these voluntary health warnings were associated with the perceived harmfulness of ENDS. (2) Methods: Risk perception measures and self-reported exposure to ENDS ads were obtained from the 2014 Georgia State University (GSU) Tobacco Products and Risk Perceptions Survey of a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. We examined the association between potential exposure to magazine ads with warnings and the perceived harms of ENDS relative to cigarettes, using binary logistic regressions and controlling for general ENDS ad exposure and socio-demographic characteristics. (3) Results: Potential exposure to ENDS magazine ads with warnings was associated with a lower probability of considering ENDS to be more or equally harmful compared to cigarettes, particularly among non-smokers (OR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04–0.77). In addition, ad exposure, ENDS use history, race/ethnicity, gender, education, and income were also associated with harm perceptions. (4) Conclusions: This study did not find evidence that magazine ads with warnings increased misperceptions that ENDS are equally or more harmful than cigarettes. With more ENDS advertisements carrying warnings, more research is needed to determine how the warnings in advertisements convey relative harm information to consumers and the public.

Suggested Citation

  • Ce Shang & Scott R. Weaver & Nahleen Zahra & Jidong Huang & Kai-Wen Cheng & Frank J. Chaloupka, 2018. "The Association between Potential Exposure to Magazine Ads with Voluntary Health Warnings and the Perceived Harmfulness of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:4:p:575-:d:137703
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Olivia A. Wackowski & David Hammond & Richard J. O’Connor & Andrew A. Strasser & Cristine D. Delnevo, 2017. "Considerations and Future Research Directions for E-Cigarette Warnings—Findings from Expert Interviews," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-10, July.
    2. Ying Xu & Yanfang Guo & Kaiqian Liu & Zheng Liu & Xiaobo Wang, 2016. "E-Cigarette Awareness, Use, and Harm Perception among Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(11), pages 1-18, November.
    3. Ce Shang & Frank J. Chaloupka, 2017. "The Trend of Voluntary Warnings in Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Magazine Advertisements," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, January.
    4. Noar, Seth M. & Francis, Diane B. & Bridges, Christy & Sontag, Jennah M. & Ribisl, Kurt M. & Brewer, Noel T., 2016. "The impact of strengthening cigarette pack warnings: Systematic review of longitudinal observational studies," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 118-129.
    5. Scott R. Weaver & Ban A. Majeed & Terry F. Pechacek & Amy L. Nyman & Kyle R. Gregory & Michael P. Eriksen, 2016. "Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems and other tobacco products among USA adults, 2014: results from a national survey," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 61(2), pages 177-188, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Michael Briganti & Olivia A. Wackowski & Cristine D. Delnevo & Leanne Brown & Shirin E. Hastings & Binu Singh & Michael B. Steinberg, 2020. "Content Analysis of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Publications in Core Clinical Journals from 2012 to 2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-10, March.

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