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Associations of Community Water Fluoridation with Caries Prevalence and Oral Health Inequality in Children

Author

Listed:
  • Han-Na Kim

    (Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, 298, Daesung-ro, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju 28503, Korea
    These authors contribute equally to this work.)

  • Jeong-Hee Kim

    (Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 49, Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea
    These authors contribute equally to this work.)

  • Se-Yeon Kim

    (Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 49, Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea
    BK 21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea)

  • Jin-Bom Kim

    (Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 49, Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea
    BK 21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
    These authors contribute equally to this work.)

Abstract

This study aimed to confirm the association between the community water fluoridation (CWF) programme and dental caries prevention on permanent teeth, comparing to a control area, neighbouring population without the programme, and verifying whether the programme can reduce the socio-economic inequality related to the oral health of children in Korea. Evaluation surveys were conducted among 6-, 8-, and 11-year-old children living in Okcheon (CWF) and neighbouring Yeongdong (non-CWF, control area) towns in South Korea. Data on monthly family income, caregiver educational level, and Family Affluence Scale scores were evaluated using questionnaires that were distributed to the parents. The effectiveness of CWF in caries reduction was calculated based on the differences in decayed, missing, and filled teeth and decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces indices between the two towns. The data were analysed using logistic regression and univariate analysis of variance. Both 8- and 11-year-old children living in the CWF area had lower dental caries prevalence than those living in the non-CWF community. Differences in dental caries prevalence based on educational level were found in the control area but not in the CWF area. Socio-economic factor-related inequality in oral health were observed in the non-CWF community. Additionally, 8- and 11-year-old children living in the CWF area displayed lower dental caries prevalence in the pit-and-fissure and smooth surfaces than those living in the non-CWF community. These results suggest that CWF programmes are effective in the prevention of caries on permanent teeth and can reduce oral health inequalities among children. The implementation of CWF programmes should be sustained to overcome oral health inequalities due to socio-economic factors and improve children’s overall oral health.

Suggested Citation

  • Han-Na Kim & Jeong-Hee Kim & Se-Yeon Kim & Jin-Bom Kim, 2017. "Associations of Community Water Fluoridation with Caries Prevalence and Oral Health Inequality in Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:6:p:631-:d:101343
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marco Peres & José Antunes & Karen Peres, 2006. "Is water fluoridation effective in reducing inequalities in dental caries distribution in developing countries? Recent findings from Brazil," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 51(5), pages 302-310, November.
    2. William Boyce & Torbjorn Torsheim & Candace Currie & Alessio Zambon, 2006. "The Family Affluence Scale as a Measure of National Wealth: Validation of an Adolescent Self-Report Measure," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 78(3), pages 473-487, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Han-Na Kim & Wook-Sung Kong & Jung-Ha Lee & Jin-Bom Kim, 2019. "Reduction of Dental Caries Among Children and Adolescents From a 15-Year Community Water Fluoridation Program in a Township Area, Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Naae Lee & Sungchan Kang & Woojoo Lee & Seung-sik Hwang, 2020. "The Association between Community Water Fluoridation and Bone Diseases: A Natural Experiment in Cheongju, Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Daniela Carmagnola & Gaia Pellegrini & Matteo Malvezzi & Elena Canciani & Dolaji Henin & Claudia Dellavia, 2020. "Impact of Lifestyle Variables on Oral Diseases and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Children of Milan (Italy)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-16, September.
    4. Anqi Shen & Eduardo Bernabé & Wael Sabbah, 2021. "Systematic Review of Intervention Studies Aiming at Reducing Inequality in Dental Caries among Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-11, February.
    5. Fotini Venetsanou & Kyriaki Emmanouilidou & Olga Kouli & Evangelos Bebetsos & Nikolaos Comoutos & Antonis Kambas, 2020. "Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors of Young Children: Trends from 2009 to 2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-13, March.

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