IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v18y2025i9p2154-d1640281.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Challenges and Opportunities of the Dynamic Operation of PEM Water Electrolyzers

Author

Listed:
  • Balázs Endrődi

    (Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
    Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged, Dugonics Sq. 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary)

  • Cintia Alexandra Trapp

    (Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged, Dugonics Sq. 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary)

  • István Szén

    (Bükkábrányi Fotovoltaikus Erőmű Projekt Kft, Váci utca 38, 1056 Budapest, Hungary)

  • Imre Bakos

    (Bükkábrányi Fotovoltaikus Erőmű Projekt Kft, Váci utca 38, 1056 Budapest, Hungary)

  • Miklós Lukovics

    (Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged, Dugonics Sq. 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary)

  • Csaba Janáky

    (Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Square 1, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
    Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged, Dugonics Sq. 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary)

Abstract

Hydrogen is expected to play an important role in decarbonizing different heavy industries and the transportation sector. Water electrolysis is, therefore, one of the most rapidly spreading energy technologies, with PEM electrolyzers taking a continuously increasing share in the technology mix. Most often, the aim is to form green hydrogen, utilizing electricity exclusively of renewable origin. The intermittency of such sources, however, poses several technological challenges and financial questions. Focusing on PEM electrolyzers, we discuss the effect of pressure, temperature, and reaction rate changes, induced by the intermittent operation, and general thoughts regarding system component erosion caused by the regular start–stop cycles are also considered. As a case study, we present a high-level techno-economic analysis of data from a pilot 1 MW PEM electrolysis system, coupled to a 20 MW PV farm, deployed in Hungary. We underscore the importance of the often overlooked local regulations and financial incentives, which strongly influence the most beneficial operation scenario.

Suggested Citation

  • Balázs Endrődi & Cintia Alexandra Trapp & István Szén & Imre Bakos & Miklós Lukovics & Csaba Janáky, 2025. "Challenges and Opportunities of the Dynamic Operation of PEM Water Electrolyzers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-11, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:9:p:2154-:d:1640281
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2154/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2154/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:9:p:2154-:d:1640281. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.