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Small-Disturbance Stability Analysis of Doubly Fed Variable-Speed Pumped Storage Units

Author

Listed:
  • Xiangyang Yu

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Yujie Cui

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Hao Qi

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Chunyang Gao

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
    Sinohydro Bureau 3 Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Ziming He

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Haipeng Nan

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

Abstract

The variable-speed operation mode of pumped storage units improves the regulation performance and endows the units with characteristics such as isolation from the power grid, thereby affecting the system stability. This study establishes a detailed mathematical model for the connection of doubly fed induction generator-based variable-speed pumped storage (DFIG-VSPS) to a single-machine infinite bus system under power generation conditions in the synchronous rotation direct-quadrature-zero coordinate system. The introduction of the eigenvalue method to analyze the small-disturbance stability of doubly fed variable-speed pumped storage units and the use of participation factors to calculate the degree of influence of each state variable on the small-disturbance stability of the units are innovations of this study. The participation factor enhances flexibility, continuity, and efficiency in doubly fed variable-speed pumped storage by optimizing dynamic power paths and enabling multi-objective control coordination. While eigenvalue analysis is not new, this study is the first to apply it with participation factors to DFIG-VSPS, addressing gaps in prior simplified models. Furthermore, based on the changes in the characteristic root trajectories, the influence of changes in the speed control system parameters and converter controller parameters on the system stability was determined. Finally, the conclusions obtained were verified through simulation. The results indicate that increasing the time constant of water flow inertia poses a risk of system instability, and the increase in proportional parameters and decrease in integral parameters of the power outer loop controller significantly affect the system stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiangyang Yu & Yujie Cui & Hao Qi & Chunyang Gao & Ziming He & Haipeng Nan, 2025. "Small-Disturbance Stability Analysis of Doubly Fed Variable-Speed Pumped Storage Units," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-28, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:11:p:2796-:d:1665900
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhao, Kunjie & Xu, Yanhe & Guo, Pengcheng & Qian, Zhongdong & Zhang, Yongchuan & Liu, Wei, 2022. "Multi-scale oscillation characteristics and stability analysis of pumped-storage unit under primary frequency regulation condition with low water head grid-connected," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 1102-1119.
    2. Gao, Chunyang & Yu, Xiangyang & Nan, Haipeng & Men, Chuangshe & Zhao, Peiyu & Cai, Qingsen & Fu, Jianing, 2021. "Stability and dynamic analysis of doubly-fed variable speed pump turbine governing system based on Hopf bifurcation theory," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 568-579.
    3. Papaefthymiou, Stefanos V. & Lakiotis, Vasileios G. & Margaris, Ioannis D. & Papathanassiou, Stavros A., 2015. "Dynamic analysis of island systems with wind-pumped-storage hybrid power stations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 544-554.
    4. Tan, Xiaoqiang & Li, Chaoshun & Liu, Dong & Wang, He & Xu, Rongli & Lu, Xueding & Zhu, Zhiwei, 2023. "Multi-time scale model reduction strategy of variable-speed pumped storage unit grid-connected system for small-signal oscillation stability analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 985-1009.
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