IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v18y2025i11p2796-d1665900.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Small-Disturbance Stability Analysis of Doubly Fed Variable-Speed Pumped Storage Units

Author

Listed:
  • Xiangyang Yu

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Yujie Cui

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Hao Qi

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Chunyang Gao

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
    Sinohydro Bureau 3 Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Ziming He

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Haipeng Nan

    (School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

Abstract

The variable-speed operation mode of pumped storage units improves the regulation performance and endows the units with characteristics such as isolation from the power grid, thereby affecting the system stability. This study establishes a detailed mathematical model for the connection of doubly fed induction generator-based variable-speed pumped storage (DFIG-VSPS) to a single-machine infinite bus system under power generation conditions in the synchronous rotation direct-quadrature-zero coordinate system. The introduction of the eigenvalue method to analyze the small-disturbance stability of doubly fed variable-speed pumped storage units and the use of participation factors to calculate the degree of influence of each state variable on the small-disturbance stability of the units are innovations of this study. The participation factor enhances flexibility, continuity, and efficiency in doubly fed variable-speed pumped storage by optimizing dynamic power paths and enabling multi-objective control coordination. While eigenvalue analysis is not new, this study is the first to apply it with participation factors to DFIG-VSPS, addressing gaps in prior simplified models. Furthermore, based on the changes in the characteristic root trajectories, the influence of changes in the speed control system parameters and converter controller parameters on the system stability was determined. Finally, the conclusions obtained were verified through simulation. The results indicate that increasing the time constant of water flow inertia poses a risk of system instability, and the increase in proportional parameters and decrease in integral parameters of the power outer loop controller significantly affect the system stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiangyang Yu & Yujie Cui & Hao Qi & Chunyang Gao & Ziming He & Haipeng Nan, 2025. "Small-Disturbance Stability Analysis of Doubly Fed Variable-Speed Pumped Storage Units," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-28, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:11:p:2796-:d:1665900
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/11/2796/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/11/2796/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gao, Chunyang & Yu, Xiangyang & Nan, Haipeng & Men, Chuangshe & Zhao, Peiyu & Cai, Qingsen & Fu, Jianing, 2021. "Stability and dynamic analysis of doubly-fed variable speed pump turbine governing system based on Hopf bifurcation theory," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 568-579.
    2. Papaefthymiou, Stefanos V. & Lakiotis, Vasileios G. & Margaris, Ioannis D. & Papathanassiou, Stavros A., 2015. "Dynamic analysis of island systems with wind-pumped-storage hybrid power stations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 544-554.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Psarros, Georgios N. & Papathanassiou, Stavros A., 2023. "Generation scheduling in island systems with variable renewable energy sources: A literature review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1105-1124.
    2. Yang, Weijia & Yang, Jiandong, 2019. "Advantage of variable-speed pumped storage plants for mitigating wind power variations: Integrated modelling and performance assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 720-732.
    3. Zou, Yidong & Hu, Wenqing & Xiao, Zhihuai & Wang, Yunhe & Chen, Jinbao & Zheng, Yang & Qian, Jing & Zeng, Yun, 2023. "Design of intelligent nonlinear robust controller for hydro-turbine governing system based on state-dynamic-measurement hybrid feedback linearization method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 635-651.
    4. Damdoum, Amel & Slama-Belkhodja, Ilhem & Pietrzak-David, Maria & Debbou, Mustapha, 2016. "Low voltage ride-through strategies for doubly fed induction machine pumped storage system under grid faults," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 248-262.
    5. Chen, Wei & Qin, Haoxuan & Zhu, Qing & Bai, Jianshu & Xie, Ningning & Wang, Yazhou & Zhang, Tong & Xue, Xiaodai, 2024. "Optimal design and performance assessment of a proposed constant power operation mode for the constant volume discharging process of advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    6. Petrakopoulou, Fontina & Robinson, Alexander & Loizidou, Maria, 2016. "Simulation and evaluation of a hybrid concentrating-solar and wind power plant for energy autonomy on islands," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 863-871.
    7. Ak{i}n Tac{s}cikaraou{g}lu & Ozan Erdinc{c}, 2018. "A Profit Optimization Approach Based on the Use of Pumped-Hydro Energy Storage Unit and Dynamic Pricing," Papers 1806.05211, arXiv.org.
    8. Gao, Chunyang & Yu, Xiangyang & Nan, Haipeng & Guo, Pengcheng & Fan, Guoliang & Meng, Zhijie & Ge, Ye & Cai, Qingsen, 2024. "Rotating speed pulling-back control and adaptive strategy of doubly-fed variable speed pumped storage unit," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    9. Ting-Hsuan Chien & Yu-Chuan Huang & Yuan-Yih Hsu, 2020. "Neural Network-Based Supplementary Frequency Controller for a DFIG Wind Farm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-15, October.
    10. Nan Zhang & Xiaoming Xue & Na Sun & Yanhui Gu & Wei Jiang & Chaoshun Li, 2022. "Nonlinear Modeling and Stability of a Doubly-Fed Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Station with Surge Tank Considering Nonlinear Pump Turbine Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-24, June.
    11. Tan, Xiaoqiang & Li, Chaoshun & Liu, Dong & Wang, He & Xu, Rongli & Lu, Xueding & Zhu, Zhiwei, 2023. "Multi-time scale model reduction strategy of variable-speed pumped storage unit grid-connected system for small-signal oscillation stability analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 985-1009.
    12. Guillermo Martínez-Lucas & José Ignacio Sarasúa & José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández, 2018. "Frequency Regulation of a Hybrid Wind–Hydro Power Plant in an Isolated Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-25, January.
    13. Tang, Renbo & Yang, Jiandong & Yang, Weijia & Zou, Jin & Lai, Xu, 2019. "Dynamic regulation characteristics of pumped-storage plants with two generating units sharing common conduits and busbar for balancing variable renewable energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 1064-1077.
    14. Zhang, Nan & Feng, Chen & Shan, Yahui & Sun, Na & Xue, Xiaoming & Shi, Liping, 2023. "A universal stability quantification method for grid-connected hydropower plant considering FOPI controller and complex nonlinear characteristics based on improved GWO," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 874-894.
    15. Zeng, Wei & Yang, Jiandong & Yang, Weijia, 2016. "Instability analysis of pumped-storage stations under no-load conditions using a parameter-varying model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 420-429.
    16. Peiyu Zhao & Haipeng Nan & Qingsen Cai & Chunyang Gao & Luochang Wu, 2024. "A Data-Driven Predictive Control Method for Modeling Doubly-Fed Variable-Speed Pumped Storage Units," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-20, September.
    17. Martínez-Lucas, Guillermo & Sarasúa, José Ignacio & Sánchez-Fernández, José Ángel & Wilhelmi, José Román, 2016. "Frequency control support of a wind-solar isolated system by a hydropower plant with long tail-race tunnel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 362-376.
    18. Psarros, Georgios N. & Dratsas, Pantelis A. & Papathanassiou, Stavros A., 2021. "A comparison between central- and self-dispatch storage management principles in island systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    19. Jurasz, Jakub & Ciapała, Bartłomiej, 2017. "Integrating photovoltaics into energy systems by using a run-off-river power plant with pondage to smooth energy exchange with the power gird," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 21-35.
    20. Zeng, Wei & Yang, Jiandong & Tang, Renbo & Yang, Weijia, 2016. "Extreme water-hammer pressure during one-after-another load shedding in pumped-storage stations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 35-44.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:11:p:2796-:d:1665900. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.