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Heat Production Performance from an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) Using CO 2 as the Working Fluid

Author

Listed:
  • Wentao Zhao

    (National Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Flexible Coal Power Generation and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage, Beijing 102209, China
    China Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China)

  • Yilong Yuan

    (Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China)

  • Tieya Jing

    (National Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Flexible Coal Power Generation and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage, Beijing 102209, China
    China Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China)

  • Chenghao Zhong

    (Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China)

  • Shoucheng Wei

    (Fujian Branch of China Huaneng Group, Fuzhou 350000, China)

  • Yulong Yin

    (National Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Flexible Coal Power Generation and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage, Beijing 102209, China
    China Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China)

  • Deyuan Zhao

    (Fujian Branch of China Huaneng Group, Fuzhou 350000, China)

  • Haowei Yuan

    (National Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Flexible Coal Power Generation and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage, Beijing 102209, China
    China Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China)

  • Jin Zheng

    (Fujian Branch of China Huaneng Group, Fuzhou 350000, China)

  • Shaomin Wang

    (Fujian Branch of China Huaneng Group, Fuzhou 350000, China)

Abstract

CO 2 -based enhanced geothermal systems (CO 2 -EGS) are greatly attractive in geothermal energy production due to their high flow rates and the additional benefit of CO 2 geological storage. In this work, a CO 2 -EGS model is built based on the available geological data in the Gonghe Basin, Northwest China. In our model, the wellbore flow is considered and coupled with a geothermal reservoir to better simulate the complex CO 2 flow and heat production behavior. Based on the fractured geothermal reservoir at depths between 2900 m and 3300 m, the long-term (30-year) heat production performance is predicted using CO 2 as the working fluid with fixed wellhead pressure. The results indicate that the proposed CO 2 -EGS will obtain an ascending heat extraction rate in the first 9 years, followed by a slight decrease in the following 21 years. Due to the significant natural convection of CO 2 (e.g., low viscosity and density) in the geothermal reservoir, the mass production rate of the CO 2 -EGS will reach 150 kg/s. The heat extraction rates will be greater than 32 MW throughout the 30-year production period, showing a significant production performance. However, the Joule–Thomson effect in the wellbore will result in a drastic decrease in production temperature (e.g., a 62.6 °C decrease in the production well). This means that the pre-optimization analyses and physical material treatments are required during geothermal production using CO 2 as the working fluid.

Suggested Citation

  • Wentao Zhao & Yilong Yuan & Tieya Jing & Chenghao Zhong & Shoucheng Wei & Yulong Yin & Deyuan Zhao & Haowei Yuan & Jin Zheng & Shaomin Wang, 2023. "Heat Production Performance from an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) Using CO 2 as the Working Fluid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:20:p:7202-:d:1265114
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Yilong Yuan & Xinli Zhang & Han Yu & Chenghao Zhong & Yu Wang & Dongguang Wen & Tianfu Xu & Fabrizio Gherardi, 2025. "Research Progress and Technical Challenges of Geothermal Energy Development from Hot Dry Rock: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-28, March.
    2. Lianghan Cong & Shuaiyi Lu & Pan Jiang & Tianqi Zheng & Ziwang Yu & Xiaoshu Lü, 2024. "Research Progress on CO 2 as Geothermal Working Fluid: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-18, October.
    3. Sakurako Satake & Heejun Yang & Koji Mori & Yukiko Hoshino & Akira Ueda & Hideki Kuramitz & Kentaro Masuoka & Hisako Enomoto & Amane Terai, 2025. "CO 2 Geothermal Power Generation: Laboratory Experiment on the Interaction Between Carbonated Water and Rishiri Island Basalt in the Vicinity of Injection Wells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-23, April.

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