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A One-Dimensional Numerical Model for High-Performance Two-Stroke Engines

Author

Listed:
  • Fernando Ortenzi

    (ENEA—Italian Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, 00123 Rome, Italy)

  • Andrea Bossaglia

    (IAME Karting, 24040 Zingonia di Verdellino, Italy)

Abstract

Computer software that simulates the thermodynamic and gas dynamic properties of internal combustion engines can play a significant role in the design and optimization of internal combustion engines. In the present work, a quasi-dimensional numerical model for two-stroke engines is presented. Particular attention was paid to reporting in-cylinder models, combustion (turbulent with flame development and flame–wall interaction), and turbulence ( K-k- ϵ model), with the addition of tumble- and squish-generated turbulence that is quite common in such engines. The aim was to reduce the role of the calibration constants, which are fundamental for correlating the models with the experiments, and relations for calculating the tumble ratio and turbulent scales were reported. A one-dimensional model for manifolds is also presented (solving the Euler equations), using the second-order Roe Riemann solver with some improvements, paying particular attention to the source terms, such as area variation. Additionally, a new approach to the end-pipe boundaries, which would reduce the mass conservation error, is reported. The engines tested were two kart two-stroke engines, used for racing purposes: the IAME X30 engine and the IAME Screamer III KZ engine. A comparison between the model results and the experimental data was made, and good accordance was observed, with a root mean square error of about 0.5 kW and providing good accuracy in evaluating changes, such as the combustion chamber squish area and the exhaust pipe length.

Suggested Citation

  • Fernando Ortenzi & Andrea Bossaglia, 2023. "A One-Dimensional Numerical Model for High-Performance Two-Stroke Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-24, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:13:p:4947-:d:1179437
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Krishna, Addepalli S. & Mallikarjuna, J.M. & Kumar, Davinder, 2016. "Effect of engine parameters on in-cylinder flows in a two-stroke gasoline direct injection engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 282-294.
    2. Vancoillie, J. & Sileghem, L. & Verhelst, S., 2014. "Development and validation of a quasi-dimensional model for methanol and ethanol fueled SI engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 412-425.
    3. Kim, Myoungsoo & Kim, Yirop & Kim, Joohan & Song, Han Ho, 2019. "Development of quasi-dimensional turbulence model for spark-ignition engine with physical analysis of tumble: Energy-based tumble model focusing on energy intake and turbulence production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
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