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Single-Cell Oils from Oleaginous Microorganisms as Green Bio-Lubricants: Studies on Their Tribological Performance

Author

Listed:
  • Alok Patel

    (Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

  • Liwen Mu

    (Division of Machine Elements, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

  • Yijun Shi

    (Division of Machine Elements, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

  • Ulrika Rova

    (Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

  • Paul Christakopoulos

    (Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

  • Leonidas Matsakas

    (Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden)

Abstract

Biolubricants refer to eco-friendly, biodegradable, and non-toxic lubricants. Their applications are still limited compared to mineral oils; however, their sustainable credentials are making them increasingly attractive. Vegetable oils are frequently used for this purpose. However, vegetable oils have issues of low lipid productivity, dependence on climatic conditions, and need for agricultural land. Microbial oils represent a more sustainable alternative. To ensure their widespread applicability, the suitability of microbial oils from a physicochemical point of view needs to be determined first. In this study, oils obtained from various oleagenic microbes—such as microalgae, thraustochytrids, and yeasts—were characterized in terms of their fatty acid profile, viscosity, friction coefficient, wear, and thermal stability. Oleaginous microalgal strains ( Auxenochlorella protothecoides and Chlorella sorokiniana ), thraustochytrids strains ( Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21 and Aurantiochytrium sp. T66), and yeast strains ( Rhodosporidium toruloides and Cryptococcus curvatus ) synthesized 64.5%, 35.15%, 47.89%, 47.93%, 56.42%, and 52.66% of lipid content, respectively. Oils from oleaginous microalgae ( A. protothecoides and C. sorokiniana ) and yeasts ( R. toruloides and C. curvatus ) possess excellent physicochemical and tribological qualities due to high amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid C18:1 content, 56.38%, 58.82%, 46.67%, 38.81%) than those from oleaginous thraustochytrids ( A. limacinum SR21 and Aurantiochytrium sp. T66; 0.96%, 0.08%, respectively) supporting their use as renewable and biodegradable alternatives to traditional mineral oil-based lubricants. Oil obtained from microalgae showed a lower friction coefficient than oils obtained from yeasts and thraustochytrids.

Suggested Citation

  • Alok Patel & Liwen Mu & Yijun Shi & Ulrika Rova & Paul Christakopoulos & Leonidas Matsakas, 2021. "Single-Cell Oils from Oleaginous Microorganisms as Green Bio-Lubricants: Studies on Their Tribological Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-17, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:20:p:6685-:d:656855
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Patel, Alok & Pruthi, Vikas & Pruthi, Parul A., 2019. "Innovative screening approach for the identification of triacylglycerol accumulating oleaginous strains," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 936-944.
    2. Patel, Alok & Arora, Neha & Sartaj, Km & Pruthi, Vikas & Pruthi, Parul A., 2016. "Sustainable biodiesel production from oleaginous yeasts utilizing hydrolysates of various non-edible lignocellulosic biomasses," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 836-855.
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    1. Alok Patel & Ulrika Rova & Paul Christakopoulos & Leonidas Matsakas, 2022. "Role of Oleaginous Microorganisms in the Field of Renewable Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-3, August.
    2. Hamnas, Amina & Unnikrishnan, G., 2023. "Bio-lubricants from vegetable oils: Characterization, modifications, applications and challenges – Review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    3. Savienne M. F. E. Zorn & Ana Paula T. da Silva & Eduardo H. Bredda & Heitor B. S. Bento & Guilherme A. Pedro & Ana Karine F. Carvalho & Messias Borges Silva & Patrícia C. M. Da Rós, 2022. "In Situ Transesterification of Microbial Biomass for Biolubricant Production Catalyzed by Heteropolyacid Supported on Niobium," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-12, February.

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