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Reservoir Properties of Low-Permeable Carbonate Rocks: Experimental Features

Author

Listed:
  • Aliya Mukhametdinova

    (Center for Hydrocarbon Recovery, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, 121205 Moscow, Russia)

  • Andrey Kazak

    (Center for Hydrocarbon Recovery, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, 121205 Moscow, Russia)

  • Tagir Karamov

    (Center for Hydrocarbon Recovery, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, 121205 Moscow, Russia)

  • Natalia Bogdanovich

    (Center for Hydrocarbon Recovery, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, 121205 Moscow, Russia)

  • Maksim Serkin

    (PermNIPIneft Branch, LUKOIL Engineering LLC, Soviet Army Street, 614066 Perm, Russia)

  • Sergey Melekhin

    (PermNIPIneft Branch, LUKOIL Engineering LLC, Soviet Army Street, 614066 Perm, Russia)

  • Alexey Cheremisin

    (Center for Hydrocarbon Recovery, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, 121205 Moscow, Russia)

Abstract

This paper presents an integrated petrophysical characterization of a representative set of complex carbonate reservoir rock samples with a porosity of less than 3% and permeability of less than 1 mD. Laboratory methods used in this study included both bulk measurements and multiscale void space characterization. Bulk techniques included gas volumetric nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), liquid saturation (LS), porosity, pressure-pulse decay (PDP), and pseudo-steady-state permeability (PSS). Imaging consisted of thin-section petrography, computed X-ray macro- and microtomography, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) porosimetry was a proxy technique between bulk measurements and imaging. The target set of rock samples included whole cores, core plugs, mini cores, rock chips, and crushed rock. The research yielded several findings for the target rock samples. NMR was the most appropriate technique for total porosity determination. MICP porosity matched both NMR and imaging results and highlighted the different effects of solvent extraction on throat size distribution. PDP core-plug gas permeability measurements were consistent but overestimated in comparison to PSS results, with the difference reaching two orders of magnitude. SEM proved to be the only feasible method for void-scale imaging with a spatial resolution up to 5 nm. The results confirmed the presence of natural voids of two major types. The first type was organic matter (OM)-hosted pores, with dimensions of less than 500 nm. The second type was sporadic voids in the mineral matrix (biogenic clasts), rarely larger than 250 nm. Comparisons between whole-core and core-plug reservoir properties showed substantial differences in both porosity (by a factor of 2) and permeability (up to 4 orders of magnitude) caused by spatial heterogeneity and scaling.

Suggested Citation

  • Aliya Mukhametdinova & Andrey Kazak & Tagir Karamov & Natalia Bogdanovich & Maksim Serkin & Sergey Melekhin & Alexey Cheremisin, 2020. "Reservoir Properties of Low-Permeable Carbonate Rocks: Experimental Features," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-25, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:9:p:2233-:d:353618
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yujie Yuan & Reza Rezaee, 2019. "Comparative Porosity and Pore Structure Assessment in Shales: Measurement Techniques, Influencing Factors and Implications for Reservoir Characterization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-14, May.
    2. Abdulrauf R. Adebayo & Lamidi Babalola & Syed R. Hussaini & Abdullah Alqubalee & Rahul S. Babu, 2019. "Insight into the Pore Characteristics of a Saudi Arabian Tight Gas Sand Reservoir," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-27, November.
    3. Zhihao Jiang & Zhiqiang Mao & Yujiang Shi & Daxing Wang, 2018. "Multifractal Characteristics and Classification of Tight Sandstone Reservoirs: A Case Study from the Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, August.
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