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Distributed Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing Using a Grid-Forming Converter as Power Interface

Author

Listed:
  • Steffen Vogel

    (RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ha Thi Nguyen

    (Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Marija Stevic

    (RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Tue Vissing Jensen

    (Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Kai Heussen

    (Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Vetrivel Subramaniam Rajkumar

    (Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands)

  • Antonello Monti

    (RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany)

Abstract

This paper presents an approach to extend the capabilities of smart grid laboratories through the concept of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHiL) testing by re-purposing existing grid-forming converters. A simple and cost-effective power interface, paired with a remotely located Digital Real-time Simulator (DRTS), facilitates Geographically Distributed Power Hardware Loop (GD-PHiL) in a quasi-static operating regime. In this study, a DRTS simulator was interfaced via the public internet with a grid-forming ship-to-shore converter located in a smart-grid testing laboratory, approximately 40 km away from the simulator. A case study based on the IEEE 13-bus distribution network, an on-load-tap-changer (OLTC) controller and a controllable load in the laboratory demonstrated the feasibility of such a setup. A simple compensation method applicable to this multi-rate setup is proposed and evaluated. Experimental results indicate that this compensation method significantly enhances the voltage response, whereas the conservation of energy at the coupling point still poses a challenge. Findings also show that, due to inherent limitations of the converter’s Modbus interface, a separate measurement setup is preferable. This can help achieve higher measurement fidelity, while simultaneously increasing the loop rate of the PHiL setup.

Suggested Citation

  • Steffen Vogel & Ha Thi Nguyen & Marija Stevic & Tue Vissing Jensen & Kai Heussen & Vetrivel Subramaniam Rajkumar & Antonello Monti, 2020. "Distributed Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing Using a Grid-Forming Converter as Power Interface," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-24, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:15:p:3770-:d:388104
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kai Heussen & Cornelius Steinbrink & Ibrahim F. Abdulhadi & Van Hoa Nguyen & Merkebu Z. Degefa & Julia Merino & Tue V. Jensen & Hao Guo & Oliver Gehrke & Daniel Esteban Morales Bondy & Davood Babazade, 2019. "ERIGrid Holistic Test Description for Validating Cyber-Physical Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-31, July.
    2. Juan Montoya & Ron Brandl & Keerthi Vishwanath & Jay Johnson & Rachid Darbali-Zamora & Adam Summers & Jun Hashimoto & Hiroshi Kikusato & Taha Selim Ustun & Nayeem Ninad & Estefan Apablaza-Arancibia & , 2020. "Advanced Laboratory Testing Methods Using Real-Time Simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop Techniques: A Survey of Smart Grid International Research Facility Network Activities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-38, June.
    3. Luigi Pellegrino & Carlo Sandroni & Enea Bionda & Daniele Pala & Dimitris T. Lagos & Nikos Hatziargyriou & Nabil Akroud, 2020. "Remote Laboratory Testing Demonstration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-16, May.
    4. Falko Ebe & Basem Idlbi & David E. Stakic & Shuo Chen & Christoph Kondzialka & Matthias Casel & Gerd Heilscher & Christian Seitl & Roland Bründlinger & Thomas I. Strasser, 2018. "Comparison of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Approaches for the Testing of Smart Grid Controls," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-29, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Annette von Jouanne & Emmanuel Agamloh & Alex Yokochi, 2023. "Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL): A Review to Advance Smart Inverter-Based Grid-Edge Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-27, January.
    2. Juan Montoya & Ron Brandl & Keerthi Vishwanath & Jay Johnson & Rachid Darbali-Zamora & Adam Summers & Jun Hashimoto & Hiroshi Kikusato & Taha Selim Ustun & Nayeem Ninad & Estefan Apablaza-Arancibia & , 2020. "Advanced Laboratory Testing Methods Using Real-Time Simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop Techniques: A Survey of Smart Grid International Research Facility Network Activities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-38, June.
    3. Meysam Yousefzadeh & Shahin Hedayati Kia & Mohammad Hoseintabar Marzebali & Davood Arab Khaburi & Hubert Razik, 2022. "Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop for Stator Windings Asymmetry Fault Analysis in Direct-Drive PMSG-Based Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-17, September.

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