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A Graph Theoretic Approach to Optimal Firefighting in Oil Terminals

Author

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  • Nima Khakzad

    (Faculty of Technology, Policy, and Management, Delft University of Technology, 2628BX Delft, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Effective firefighting of major fires in fuel storage plants can effectively prevent or delay fire spread (domino effect) and eventually extinguish the fire. If the number of firefighting crew and equipment is sufficient, firefighting will include the suppression of all the burning units and cooling of all the exposed units. However, when available resources are not adequate, fire brigades would need to optimally allocate their resources by answering the question “which burning units to suppress first and which exposed units to cool first?” until more resources become available from nearby industrial plants or residential communities. The present study is an attempt to answer the foregoing question by developing a graph theoretic methodology. It has been demonstrated that suppression and cooling of units with the highest out-closeness index will result in an optimum firefighting strategy. A comparison between the outcomes of the graph theoretic approach and an approach based on influence diagram has shown the efficiency of the graph approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Nima Khakzad, 2018. "A Graph Theoretic Approach to Optimal Firefighting in Oil Terminals," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:11:p:3101-:d:181760
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nima Khakzad & Faisal Khan & Paul Amyotte & Valerio Cozzani, 2013. "Domino Effect Analysis Using Bayesian Networks," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(2), pages 292-306, February.
    2. Landucci, Gabriele & Argenti, Francesca & Tugnoli, Alessandro & Cozzani, Valerio, 2015. "Quantitative assessment of safety barrier performance in the prevention of domino scenarios triggered by fire," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 30-43.
    3. Réka Albert & Hawoong Jeong & Albert-László Barabási, 2000. "Error and attack tolerance of complex networks," Nature, Nature, vol. 406(6794), pages 378-382, July.
    4. Khakzad, Nima & Reniers, Genserik, 2015. "Using graph theory to analyze the vulnerability of process plants in the context of cascading effects," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 63-73.
    5. Nima Khakzad, 2018. "Which Fire to Extinguish First? A Risk‐Informed Approach to Emergency Response in Oil Terminals," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(7), pages 1444-1454, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bruno R. Gutiérrez-De-La-Paz & Jesús García-Díaz & Rolando Menchaca-Méndez & Mauro A. Montenegro-Meza & Ricardo Menchaca-Méndez & Omar A. Gutiérrez-De-La-Paz, 2022. "The Moving Firefighter Problem," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-15, December.

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