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Planting Date Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality in the U.S. Southern High Plains

Author

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  • Steven Mauget

    (U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA)

  • Mauricio Ulloa

    (U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Research Group, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA)

  • Jane Dever

    (Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A & M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Lubbock, TX 79403-6603, USA)

Abstract

Cotton planting date effects in the U.S. Southern High Plains (SHP) were evaluated based on 11 years of May-planted and June-planted irrigated variety trials. Multiple cultivars planted in each year’s trial allowed for the calculation of 153 yield effects and 162 effects in 5 fiber quality parameters. Yield and quality effects were considered in the context of related changes in total growing season degree days (GDD S ) and total cool hours (CHRS) during a boll formation period 80 to 110 days after planting. May planting increased GDD S and significantly increased yields in 8 of 10 years that comparisons could be made. Micronaire and fiber elongation were the most sensitive quality parameters to planting date. June planting resulted in increased CHRS every year and a significantly higher incidence of low micronaire in 7 of 11 years. In 7 of 11 years May planting significantly reduced fiber elongation relative to June planting. Analysis of SHP temperature data show that late-April to early-May planting dates may increase yield and micronaire by maximizing GDD S and minimizing CHRS. Although this practice may be optimal to the SHP environment it may also require high-vigor seed and pre-planting irrigation. Adapting genetics to an early planting strategy might include selecting for improved seed vigor and cold germination with acceptable yield and fiber quality traits.

Suggested Citation

  • Steven Mauget & Mauricio Ulloa & Jane Dever, 2019. "Planting Date Effects on Cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality in the U.S. Southern High Plains," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:9:y:2019:i:4:p:82-:d:224825
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wanjura, Donald F. & Upchurch, Dan R. & Mahan, James R. & Burke, John J., 2002. "Cotton yield and applied water relationships under drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 55(3), pages 217-237, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhongqi He & Dan C. Olk & Haile Tewolde & Hailin Zhang & Mark Shankle, 2019. "Carbohydrate and Amino Acid Profiles of Cotton Plant Biomass Products," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-14, December.

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