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Improving Water Use Efficiency through Reduced Irrigation for Sustainable Cotton Production

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  • Hafiz Shahzad Ahmad

    (Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Imran

    (Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Fiaz Ahmad

    (Physiology Section, Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Shah Rukh

    (Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
    National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar Pakistan, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan)

  • Rao Muhammad Ikram

    (Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Hafiz Muhammad Rafique

    (Pesticide Quality Control Laboratory, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Zafar Iqbal

    (Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Mianwali, Mianwali 42200, Pakistan)

  • Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Shafaqat Ali

    (Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
    Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan)

  • Tanveer-ul-Haq

    (Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

Abstract

The socio-economic development of a country is highly dependent on water availability. Nowadays, increasing water scarcity is a major global challenge. Continuing improvements in water-use efficiency are essential for cotton production sustainability. Reduced irrigation in cotton could be a solution to water shortage in the arid climate without compromising the cotton yield. Therefore, a two-year field study was conducted to assess the effect of two levels of irrigation i.e., 50% and 100% of available water content (AWC) on the yield of four cotton genotypes (CIM-678, CIM-343, CRIS-613, and CYTO-510). The maximum seed cotton yield was observed in CIM-678, which was 2.31 and 2.46 Mg ha −1 under 100% AWC during 2018 and 2019, respectively, and was non-significantly reduced by 7.7 and 8.94%, owing to deficit irrigation. The maximum water use efficiency (WUE) of 0.55 and 0.64 Kg ha −1 mm −1 was observed under 50% AWC in CIM-678, which was significantly higher than WUE at 100% AWC during both years. Leaf area index and physiological parameters such as photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance were not significantly affected by deficit irrigation. So, it was concluded that the reduced irrigation technique performed well without significant yield loss, improve WUE, and saved 37 cm of water that could be used for other crops or to increase the area of the cotton crop.

Suggested Citation

  • Hafiz Shahzad Ahmad & Muhammad Imran & Fiaz Ahmad & Shah Rukh & Rao Muhammad Ikram & Hafiz Muhammad Rafique & Zafar Iqbal & Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli & Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni & Shafaqat Ali & Tanve, 2021. "Improving Water Use Efficiency through Reduced Irrigation for Sustainable Cotton Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:7:p:4044-:d:530557
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Eleni Tsaliki & Romain Loison & Apostolos Kalivas & Ioannis Panoras & Ioannis Grigoriadis & Abdou Traore & Jean-Paul Gourlot, 2023. "Cotton Cultivation in Greece under Sustainable Utilization of Inputs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    2. Sahila Beegum & Muhammad Adeel Hassan & Purushothaman Ramamoorthy & Raju Bheemanahalli & Krishna N. Reddy & Vangimalla Reddy & Kambham Raja Reddy, 2024. "Hyperspectral Reflectance-Based High Throughput Phenotyping to Assess Water-Use Efficiency in Cotton," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-14, June.
    3. Marjan Aziz & Sultan Ahmad Rizvi & Muhammad Sultan & Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi & Redmond R. Shamshiri & Sobhy M. Ibrahim & Muhammad A. Imran, 2022. "Simulating Cotton Growth and Productivity Using AquaCrop Model under Deficit Irrigation in a Semi-Arid Climate," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, February.

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